Xylem efficiency vs. safety: Acclimation to drought of seedling root anatomy for six Patagonian shrub species

The predicted climate warming and more frequent and longer droughts are expected to produce potentially severe water stresses in the boreal forest. The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of a summer drought on xylem phenology and anatomy of mature black spruce ( Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) trees in their natural environment. The trees were excluded from rain during June–September 2010 by the installation of under-canopy roofs in four sites of the boreal forest of Quebec. Xylem phenology, stem radius variations, and physiological traits of treated and control trees were monitored at short time resolution. At the end of the growth season, cell characteristics were measured. The rain exclusion reduced the cell area of the xylem, but no significant change was observed in cell wall thickness, cell production, or phenology. Stem radius variations of the treated trees were lower but followed the same pattern as the control. After removal of the exclusion, trees and soil quickly recovered their normal water status. One summer of drought led to the formation of smaller tracheids but showed that black spruce is resistant to this rain exclusion treatment. This is likely due to the ability to collect water from sources other than the superficial soil horizon.

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“…4). water storage capacities (Durante et al 2011; and soil moisture, and no extreme drought conditions were applied.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Xylogenesis in black spruce subjected to rain exclusion in the field¹This article is one of a selection of papers from the 7th International Conference on Disturbance Dynamics in Boreal Forests.

et al. 2012

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“…The smaller diameter of vascular tissue under drought also occured in soybean (Makbul et al, 2011) and Phaseoulus vulgaris (Holste et al, 2006). Under water shortage, stele diameter reduction was due to decreasing a number of trachea number as found in Anarthrophyllum chilense, Lycium rigidum (Durante et al, 2011) and a decrease of xylem diameter (Sinaga, 2007). This can be related to the process of absorption of water and nutrients from the soil; due to the water shortage condition xylem diameter was smaller and more efficient than the larger diameter of the xylem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Root Anatomy and Growth of Capsicum frutescens L. on Verticulture with Different Watering Supply

Ratmadanti

Maryani

2017

J.Tropical Biodiversity Biotechnology

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The rapid increase in human population reduces land productivity in urban areas. Verticulture is a way of planting in a vertical arrangement, such as for Capsicum frutescens L. This study aimed to examine the root anatomy and growth responses of C. frutescens L. due to different watering supply on verticulture technique. Fourteen days old seedlings were grown in polybags on the ground and into vertical pots made of paralon pipe. Watering supply was given for every day, once in 3 days, and once in 6 days for 35 days, at height of 0 cm, 25 cm, 50 cm and 75 cm. The decreases in root diameter, stele diameter, and xylem diameter, but increase the portion of cortex occurred in plants at 75 cm height on paralon pipe with 6 days time interval of watering supply compared to control plants grown at 0 cm height. Growth parameters showed the same trends, where plants at 75 cm height at the paralon received watering supply once in 6 days had less growth compared to control plants by decreasing in plant height, leaf number, length-width of leaves, fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots, while chlorophyll content and root length did not change. The optimal time interval of watering supply for growth on verticulture technique is 3 days, while the optimal height at the paralon was approximately 50 cm. The xylem was less developed in plants at higher position compared to the lower positon on the paralon pipe and this was more detected in plants with less time interval of watering supply. Decreasing plant growth occurs in conditions of water shortage and the higher position of plant on paralon.

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“…Although P50 was impacted for some species by a combination of forest age and region, species was the predominant factor explaining variability in embolism vulnerability. This result, however, must be reconciled with the body of work demonstrating vegetation's capacity to acclimate xylem to pedo-climatic conditions (Awad et al ., 2010;Durante et al ., 2011;Gea-Izquierdo et al ., 2012). The clearest trends of acclimation are often found in manipulation studies (Beikircher & Mayr, 2009;Awadet al ., 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The xylem of anisohydric Quercus alba L. is more vulnerable to embolism than isohydric co-dominants

Benson

Miniat

Oishi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The coordination of plant leaf water potential (Ψ) regulation and xylem vulnerability to embolism is fundamental for understanding the tradeoffs between carbon uptake and risk of hydraulic damage. There is a general consensus that trees with vulnerable xylem regulate Ψ more conservatively than plants with resistant xylem. We evaluated if this paradigm applied to three important eastern US temperate tree species, Quercus alba L., Acer saccharum Marsh., and Liriodendron tulipifera L., by synthesizing 1600 Ψ observations, 122 xylem embolism curves, and xylem anatomical measurements across ten forests spanning pronounced hydroclimatological gradients and ages. We found that, unexpectedly, the species with the most vulnerable xylem (Q. alba) regulated Ψ less strictly than the other species. This relationship was found across all sites, such that coordination among traits was largely unaffected by climate and stand age. Quercus species are perceived to be among the most drought tolerant temperate US forest species; however, our results suggest their relatively loose Ψ regulation in response to hydrologic stress occurs with a substantial hydraulic cost that may expose them to novel risks in a more drought-prone future. We end by discussing mechanisms that allow these species to tolerate and/or recover from hydraulic damage.

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Xylem efficiency vs. safety: Acclimation to drought of seedling root anatomy for six Patagonian shrub species

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

Xylogenesis in black spruce subjected to rain exclusion in the field¹This article is one of a selection of papers from the 7th International Conference on Disturbance Dynamics in Boreal Forests.

Xylogenesis in black spruce subjected to rain exclusion in the field¹This article is one of a selection of papers from the 7th International Conference on Disturbance Dynamics in Boreal Forests.

Root Anatomy and Growth of Capsicum frutescens L. on Verticulture with Different Watering Supply

The xylem of anisohydric Quercus alba L. is more vulnerable to embolism than isohydric co-dominants

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Xylem efficiency vs. safety: Acclimation to drought of seedling root anatomy for six Patagonian shrub species

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

Xylogenesis in black spruce subjected to rain exclusion in the field1This article is one of a selection of papers from the 7th International Conference on Disturbance Dynamics in Boreal Forests.

Xylogenesis in black spruce subjected to rain exclusion in the field1This article is one of a selection of papers from the 7th International Conference on Disturbance Dynamics in Boreal Forests.

Root Anatomy and Growth of Capsicum frutescens L. on Verticulture with Different Watering Supply

The xylem of anisohydric Quercus alba L. is more vulnerable to embolism than isohydric co-dominants

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Product

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Xylogenesis in black spruce subjected to rain exclusion in the field¹This article is one of a selection of papers from the 7th International Conference on Disturbance Dynamics in Boreal Forests.

Xylogenesis in black spruce subjected to rain exclusion in the field¹This article is one of a selection of papers from the 7th International Conference on Disturbance Dynamics in Boreal Forests.