Xylem formation in Fagus sylvatica during one growing season

Vavrčík, Hanuš; Gryc, Vladimír; Menšík, Ladislav; Baar, Jan

doi:10.12657/denbio.069.008

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The above findings are in accordance with recent studies on cambial phenology, confirming that precipitation is not a limiting factor during xylogenesis of beech within its natural distribution (Prislan et al 2018). A distinct trend between end of SCV and the upper asymptote, which could be considered as a proxy of the radial expansion of the stem, seems to be consistent with studies on xylem formation in beech (Čufar et al 2008;Vavrčík et al 2013;Semeniuc et al 2014). Nevertheless, the reversible shrinkage and expansion of the stem related to the changes in water content of outermost tissues should be taken carefully into account, when SCV amplitude is interpreted (Zweifel 2016).…”

Section: Inter-annual Scv In Relations To Climatesupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Duration of SCV is mainly dependent on the end, and not onset, in SCV, which is partly reflected in the period of maximum cell production (Čufar et al 2008;Vavrčík et al 2013;Semeniuc et al 2014). In contrast, growth rate manifests an opposite, with later onset and earlier end observed with faster growth rate (Fig.…”

Section: Inter-annual Scv In Relations To Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

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Intra-annual stem size variations converge across marginal populations of European beech

Klisz

Buttò

Rossi

et al. 2019

Trees

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Key message The intra-annual variability in stem size of marginal beech population from southeastern distribution range of beech in Poland is higher within than between populations. Abstract One of the key issues of the distribution of tree species is their ability to track environmental changes. European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is a species highly sensitive to extreme climatic events, because of its high phenotypic plasticity. In this study, we aim to determine the variability in stem size between and within marginal beech populations. Marginal populations of beech growing under uniform environmental conditions of provenance trial offer unique opportunity to detect adaptive differentiations driven by natural selection. In this work, we studied stem size variation recorded by automatic band dendrometers in four beech marginal populations growing in a common garden in the southeastern distribution range of beech in Poland over the period 2016-2018. Strong climatic effects and weak provenance differences in seasonal stem size variation were observed. The provenances exhibited similar climate-related seasonal stem circumference variation. A high within-provenance variation was confirmed. Temperature of spring as well as temperature and precipitation of autumn were detected as key climatic parameters mostly for onset and end of stem size variation. Maximum stem size was mostly affected by the later end of its variation, which positively affected its duration. Climatic distance between beech provenances and provenance trial had a negligible effect on the variability in seasonal stem size variation between provenances. The evidence of weak inter-provenance and high intra-provenance variation in stem size changes observed in the southeastern distribution range indicates that an individual-based approach could be a suitable strategy, when selecting for phenotypic plasticity.

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Section: Inter-annual Scv In Relations To Climatesupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Inter-annual Scv In Relations To Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-annual stem size variations converge across marginal populations of European beech

Klisz

Buttò

Rossi

et al. 2019

Trees

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“…Similarly, Čufar et al (2008) observed maximum weekly production approximately in the first week of June in Slovenia at 400 m a.s.l. However, Vavrčík et al (2013) described maximum daily rates of wood production in European beech in the Czech Republic, at the same altitude as our study, in the second half of June 2010. This difference may be ascribed to the influence of specific weather and stand conditions on wood formation processes.…”

Section: Stem Growth Increment and Stem Volume Changessupporting

confidence: 68%

Links between phenology and ecophysiology in a European beech forest

Urban¹,

Bednářová²,

Plichta³

et al. 2015

iForest

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© iForest -Biogeosciences and Forestry IntroductionAt scales ranging from organ to ecosystem, many processes, particularly those related to carbon cycling (productivity and growth), water (evapotranspiration and runoff), and nutrients (decomposition and mineralization), are directly mediated by phenology (Gu et al. 2003). Spring bud burst provides a particularly good example, as it involves various interactions between trees and the environment. The initiation of this phenological phase depends on early spring air and soil temperatures (Menzel 2000, Lupi et al. 2012 as well as other environmental attributes such as photoperiod (Wareing 1953, Basler & Körner 2012, precipitation and tree health. In turn, the seasonal cycle of leaf development determines many crucial aspects of forest canopy function, including photosynthetic uptake, radiation extinction, rainfall interception, and evapotranspiration (Bonan 1993, Saigusa et al. 2002. Foliage development, assessed at the stand level in terms of the leaf area index (LAI), typically increases rapidly in western European deciduous forests, from early May to mid-July, with the maximum around midJuly (Mussche et al. 2001). LAI affects the transmittance of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) to the understory. Additionally, leaf development yields increases in transpiration (Střelcová et al. 2006).Tree phenology is dependent on the plant's storage and consumption of carbohydrates (Michelot et al. 2012). These are stored in all organs (i.e., leaves, branches, roots, and stems) in different concentrations, which can vary during the growing season based on the relative rates of production and use (Scartazza et al. 2013). New photoassimilates transported in phloem sap may be used for radial growth, with leaf phenology (i.e., budburst, leaf development and yellowing) thus influencing intra-annual wood formation (Čufar et al. 2008, Sass-Klaassen et al. 2011. The time lags between leaf and xylem growth phenologies vary among species, leading to differences in relative carbon allocation. In deciduous species, budburst generally occurs following radial growth for ring-porous species, whereas for diffuse-porous species, cambial division and consequent radial growth are initiated at almost the same time as budburst (Suzuki et al. 1996, Schmitt et al. 2000, Čufar et al. 2008. Nevertheless, even in diffuse-porous species, onset of cambial activity is sustained to a large degree by carbon accumulated in storage pools (Dietze et al. 2014).Given sufficient soil water and based on atmospheric evaporative demand, maximal transpiration rates occur when trees have full foliage (Meier & Leuschner 2008). However, numerous laboratory experiments on herbaceous plants and tree seedlings or saplings have shown that leaf coloring and leaf area reduction (i.e., events marking onset of particular phenological stages) are common responses to soil water shortage (Löf & Welander 2000). Loss of leaves results in a decrease of the transpiring surface area, avoiding a severe reduction of cell water p...

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“…Additionally, the temperature impact combined with that of AWR. Vavrčík et al (2013) also highlighted the impact of temperature and AWR on the onset of cambial activity in European beeches growing in the same area. According to our research, leaf yellowing was usually observed in October/early November.…”

Section: Climate-leaf Phenology Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The monthly and seasonal means of the previous years and the years of tree-ring formation (referred to as "the given year") were considered. The period from March to August should exert the highest influence on the radial growth in this area (Vavrčík et al 2013). Climate-leaf phenology relationships were determined using Pearson's correlation coefficient to reveal the most significant climate factors (monthly or seasonally) for tree growth and phenological phases from 1992-2011.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Climate-leaf Phenology-tree-ring Width Growtmentioning

confidence: 97%

Response of the leaf phenology and tree-ring width of European beech to climate variability

Kolář¹,

Giagli²,

Trnka³

et al. 2016

Silva Fenn.

Self Cite

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Highlights• The timing of leaf phenological phases in European beech is controlled by temperature.• Tree-ring width variations in European beech positively reflect growing season precipitation and soil water availability.• The water availability in the top 40 cm of soil layer is more important for European beech growth than that in the deeper layers.• Extension of the phenological growing season does not increase tree-ring width. AbstractVarious environmental conditions (heat waves and drought events) strongly affect leaf and xylem phenology. Disentangling the influence of temperature, precipitation and soil moisture content (AWR) on the forest productivity remains an important research area. We analyzed the impact of climate variability on the leaf phenology (10 sample trees) and radial growth (17 sample trees) of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). The study was conducted on 130-year-old European beech trees growing in a temperate forest stand in the Czech Republic. Detailed 20-year phenological monitoring was performed at the study site (1992-2011). As expected, leaf phenological events were mainly driven by the growing season temperatures. Leaf unfolding was highly affected positively by spring temperatures and the top-layer (to 40 cm) AWR in March. The correlation of tree-ring width with the interpolated climate data was positive significant for the growing season AWR and precipitation signal. Furthermore, the water availability in the top soil layer was found to be an important predictor of tree growth and extremely low growth occurrence. The extended phenological growing season, which was caused by a temperature increase, was not followed by an increased tree-ring width. The examined relationships point out the significance of the water availability in the top soil layer in European beech stands.

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Xylem formation in Fagus sylvatica during one growing season

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Intra-annual stem size variations converge across marginal populations of European beech

Intra-annual stem size variations converge across marginal populations of European beech

Links between phenology and ecophysiology in a European beech forest

Response of the leaf phenology and tree-ring width of European beech to climate variability

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