Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase and cell wall extensibility

Miedes, Eva; Zarra, Ignacio; Hoson, Takayuki; Herbers, Karin; Sonnewald, Uwe; Lorences, Ester P.

doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2010.06.029

Cited by 70 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Although untested at present, AtXTH31 and/or AtXTH32 may not have the capacity to access such regions. Collectively, these observations may explain why XTH-related wall phenotypes are often slight in those cases where they are observed (Cosgrove, 2000(Cosgrove, , 2005Osato et al, 2006;Miedes et al, 2011;Nishikubo et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Although the molecular mechanisms of cell wall extension are largely unknown, a key tenet is transient wall loosening effected by the cleavage and religation of matrix xyloglucan by XET (EC 2.4.1.207). Indeed, since the discovery of XET activity in the early 1990s, a strong focus on xyloglucan transglycosylation in the context of wall extension and remodeling continues to be sustained (Takeda et al, 2002;Nishikubo et al, 2007Nishikubo et al, , 2011Baba et al, 2009;Hernández-Nistal et al, 2010;Lee et al, 2010;Miedes et al, 2010Miedes et al, , 2011Opazo et al, 2010;Stratilová et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Group III-AXTHGenes of Arabidopsis Encode Predominant Xyloglucan Endohydrolases That Are Dispensable for Normal Growth

et al. 2012

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The molecular basis of primary wall extension endures as one of the central enigmas in plant cell morphogenesis. Classical cell wall models suggest that xyloglucan endo-transglycosylase activity is the primary catalyst (together with expansins) of controlled cell wall loosening through the transient cleavage and religation of xyloglucan-cellulose cross links. The genome of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) contains 33 phylogenetically diverse XYLOGLUCAN ENDO-TRANSGLYCOSYLASE/ HYDROLASE (XTH) gene products, two of which were predicted to be predominant xyloglucan endohydrolases due to clustering into group III-A. Enzyme kinetic analysis of recombinant AtXTH31 confirmed this prediction and indicated that this enzyme had similar catalytic properties to the nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus) xyloglucanase1 responsible for storage xyloglucan hydrolysis during germination. Global analysis of Genevestigator data indicated that AtXTH31 and the paralogous AtXTH32 were abundantly expressed in expanding tissues. Microscopy analysis, utilizing the resorufin b-glycoside of the xyloglucan oligosaccharide XXXG as an in situ probe, indicated significant xyloglucan endohydrolase activity in specific regions of both roots and hypocotyls, in good correlation with transcriptomic data. Moreover, this hydrolytic activity was essentially completely eliminated in AtXTH31/AtXTH32 double knockout lines. However, single and double knockout lines, as well as individual overexpressing lines, of AtXTH31 and AtXTH32 did not demonstrate significant growth or developmental phenotypes. These results suggest that although xyloglucan polysaccharide hydrolysis occurs in parallel with primary wall expansion, morphological effects are subtle or may be compensated by other mechanisms. We hypothesize that there is likely to be an interplay between these xyloglucan endohydrolases and recently discovered apoplastic exo-glycosidases in the hydrolytic modification of matrix xyloglucans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group III-AXTHGenes of Arabidopsis Encode Predominant Xyloglucan Endohydrolases That Are Dispensable for Normal Growth

et al. 2012

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“…Another interesting SNP was the one located in a gene encoding a xyloglucan endotransglucosylase. This enzyme catalyzes the molecular grafting between xyloglucan molecules in the plant cell-wall matrix, allowing expansive cell growth by restructuring the cell wall (Miedes et al, 2011;Ohba et al, 2011). In transgenic tomatoes with modified expression of a xyloglucan endotransglucosylase gene, fruit size was positively correlated with the expression level of this enzyme (Ohba et al, 2011).…”

Section: Biological Insights Into the Genetic Basis Of Fruit-related mentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights Into the Genetic Basis of Blueberry Fruit-Related Traits Using Diploid and Polyploid Models in a GWAS Context

et al. 2018

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Polyploidization is an ancient and recurrent process in plant evolution, impacting the diversification of natural populations and plant breeding strategies. Polyploidization occurs in many important crops; however, its effects on inheritance of many agronomic traits are still poorly understood compared with diploid species. Higher levels of allelic dosage or more complex interactions between alleles could affect the phenotype expression. Hence, the present study aimed to dissect the genetic basis of fruit-related traits in autotetraploid blueberries and identify candidate genes affecting phenotypic variation. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) assuming diploid and tetraploid inheritance, encompassing distinct models of gene action (additive, general, different orders of allelic interaction, and the corresponding diploidized models). A total of 1,575 southern highbush blueberry individuals from a breeding population of 117 full-sib families were genotyped using sequence capture and next-generation sequencing, and evaluated for eight fruit-related traits. For the diploid allele calling, 77,496 SNPs were detected; while 80,591 SNPs were obtained in tetraploid, with a high degree of overlap (95%) between them. A linear mixed model that accounted for population and family structure was used for the GWAS analyses. By modeling tetraploid genotypes, we detected 15 SNPs significantly associated with five fruit-related traits. Alternatively, seven significant SNPs were detected for only two traits using diploid genotypes, with two SNPs overlapping with the tetraploid scenario. Our results showed that the importance of tetraploid models varied by trait and that the use of diploid models has hindered the detection of SNP-trait associations and, consequently, the genetic architecture of some commercially important traits in autotetraploid species. Furthermore, 14 SNPs co-localized with candidate genes, five of which lead to non-synonymous amino acid changes. The potential functional significance of these SNPs is discussed.

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“…At molecular level, in SSR of expressed sequences, the RB72454 variety showed higher changes in subsequent stages of cutting than RB867515. The xyloglucan endotransglucosylase as well as the cellulose synthase are enzymes directly involved in the construction, growth, and cell wall extensibility (Takeda et al, 2002;Doblin et al, 2002;Festucci-Buselli et al, 2007;Miedes et al, 2011;Hara et al, 2014) since the long polysaccharide xyloglucan can form hydrogen bonds with cellulose microfibrils. The xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/ hydrolase genes are also involved with defense and pathogen-resistance mechanisms (Sharmin et al, 2012;Olsen et al, 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes on microsatellites of expressed sequence tag of sugarcane (Saccharum spp) during vegetative propagation

Augusto¹,

Maranho²,

Mangolin³

et al. 2017

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. The reduction in sugarcane productivity in subsequent cutting stages may be related to a gradual decrease of the allele number and mean observed heterozygosity (H O ) in the sugarcane ratoon. This hypothesis was tested assessing the number of alleles and H O values in 10 expressed sequence tag microsatellites (Est-SSR loci) of the sugarcane varieties RB72454 and RB867515 in different cutting stages. Changes of allele numbers in samples of different cutting stages were observed in seven and six EstSSR loci of the RB72454 and RB867515 varieties, respectively. Reduction of allele numbers was observed in the samples collected in the fourth and sixth cutting stages of the RB72454 variety. In contrast, an increase of the allele numbers was detected in the samples collected on fourth, sixth, and seventh cutting stages of the RB867515 variety. Unchanged allele numbers were observed only in EstB41, EstC84, and EstB130 loci of the RB72454 variety, and EstB41, EstC67, EstA68, and EstB130 loci of the RB867515 variety. The variety RB867515 has lower polymorphism and values of H O than the RB72454 variety in different stages of cutting. At molecular level, in Est-SSR loci, the RB72454 variety showed higher changes in subsequent stages of cutting than RB867515. The similarities and divergences at molecular level between varieties RB72454 and RB867515 observed in the 10 Est-SSR loci during subsequent cutting stages can not explain the reduced productivity frequently observed after subsequent cutting stages but showed that phenotypic and physiological changes after each cutting stage are also accompanied by changes at genomic level.

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Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase and cell wall extensibility

Cited by 70 publications

References 43 publications

Group III-AXTHGenes of Arabidopsis Encode Predominant Xyloglucan Endohydrolases That Are Dispensable for Normal Growth

Group III-AXTHGenes of Arabidopsis Encode Predominant Xyloglucan Endohydrolases That Are Dispensable for Normal Growth

Insights Into the Genetic Basis of Blueberry Fruit-Related Traits Using Diploid and Polyploid Models in a GWAS Context

Changes on microsatellites of expressed sequence tag of sugarcane (Saccharum spp) during vegetative propagation

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