2006
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m510559200
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Xyloglucan Is Recognized by Carbohydrate-binding Modules That Interact with β-Glucan Chains

Abstract: Enzyme systems that attack the plant cell wall contain noncatalytic carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) that mediate attachment to this composite structure and play a pivotal role in maximizing the hydrolytic process. Although xyloglucan, which includes a backbone of ␤-1,4-glucan decorated primarily with xylose residues, is a key component of the plant cell wall, CBMs that bind to this polymer have not been identified. Here we showed that the C-terminal domain of the modular Clostridium thermocellum enzyme CtC… Show more

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Cited by 109 publications
(108 citation statements)
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“…Expression of all proteins was achieved by adding isopropyl ␤-D-thiogalactopyranoside (1 mM final concentration) to mid-exponential phase (A 600 nm ϭ 0.6) grown cells with incubation for a further 16 h at 19°C. The His 6 -tagged recombinant proteins, and their respective mutant derivatives, were purified from cell-free extracts by immobilized metal affinity chromatography as described previously (28). For crystallization, proteins were further purified by size exclusion chromatography.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Expression of all proteins was achieved by adding isopropyl ␤-D-thiogalactopyranoside (1 mM final concentration) to mid-exponential phase (A 600 nm ϭ 0.6) grown cells with incubation for a further 16 h at 19°C. The His 6 -tagged recombinant proteins, and their respective mutant derivatives, were purified from cell-free extracts by immobilized metal affinity chromatography as described previously (28). For crystallization, proteins were further purified by size exclusion chromatography.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, several polar residues are capable of making hydrogen bonds with the axial or equatorial O2 of Man or Glc, respectively; while at other sugar-binding subsites, O2 is not a specificity determinant (Charnock et al, 2002a;Bae et al, 2008). CBMs have also been shown to harness both the backbone and side chain of decorated glucans such as xyloglucan (Najmudin et al, 2006). Specificity for this polymer has also been engineered into a xylanspecific module (Gunnarsson et al, 2006), while recent structural information on this protein provides insight into how the observed change in specificity was achieved (Gullfot et al, 2010).…”
Section: Recognition Of Heterogenous Polymersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The outliers in the adsorption profile of the CBMs are the fungal family 1 CBMs (21, 31, 49) as these small (ϳ4 kDa, as compared with 27 kDa for CBM44 and 11 kDa for CBM2a (30,35)) Type A fungal enzyme-derived CBMs are known to preferentially bind to dislocations. These CBMs, which have the highest binding order parameters of all CBMs studied to date (indicating a high preference for crystalline cellulose (48)), appear to localize at dislocations.…”
Section: Volume 290 • Number 5 • January 30 2015mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A Type B CBM (CBM44), which contains a cleft-shaped binding site that preferentially binds to amorphous regions of cellulose (30), was used as a probe to determine the amount of accessible amorphous cellulose, whereas a Type A CBM (CBM2a), with a planar, hydrophobic binding face that preferentially binds to crystalline cellulose regions (29), was used as a probe to determine the amount of accessible crystalline cellulose on the dissolving pulp fibers. The amount of each CBM bound to the variably hydrolyzed dissolving pulp over the course of 6 h was used to determine the relative amounts of accessible amorphous and accessible crystalline cellulose (Fig.…”
Section: Volume 290 • Number 5 • January 30 2015mentioning
confidence: 99%
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