Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford, 1894) on Grapevines in Italy with a Compilation of World Scolytine Weevils Developing on Vitaceae

Abstract

The invasive ambrosia beetle Xylosandrus germanus (Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini) is recorded for the first time infesting wine grapes in Italy. The type of the attack is illustrated and the possible causes of the onset of the infestation are discussed. Furthermore, given the continuously increasing number of alien wood-borer beetles introduced worldwide, we provide and discuss the updated world checklist of Scolytinae attacking Vitaceae, and Vitis sp. in particular.

Geographical Distribution of Three Forest Invasive Beetle Species in Romania

“…Although considered a secondary pest in Europe [ 42 ], in recent decades, with the expansion of its geographical range, probably exacerbated by climate change, it has caused damage both in the forest industry, by colonizing logs of beech, oak, Norway spruce and silver fir [ 80 , 81 ], and in young plantations of fruit trees [ 82 , 83 ] and grape yards [ 84 , 85 ].…”

Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Its Fungal Symbiont Ambrosiella roeperi Associated with Arecanut Kernel Decay in Karnataka, India

“…Most recently, a massive outbreak of X. crassiusculus on Syzygium aromaticum and Myristica fragrans was reported from Kerala, India [7]. Xylosandrus crassiusculus is also emerging as the key limiting factor for grape production in India [8,9]. This species develops on stressed woody host plants and more frequently on thin-barked deciduous plants [10][11][12][13].…”

Current status and first detection of Xylosandrus germanus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in live trees in the Iberian Peninsula

“…and Ulmus spp., and also conifers ( Picea abies , Pinus sylvestris , Abies alba ) (Galko et al, 2019). However, some attacks have also been recorded in crops, such as Juglans regia plantations in Italy, Actinidia deliciosa and Corylus avellana plantations in Turkey, and Vitis vinifera plantations in Germany and Italy (Galko et al, 2019; Ruzzier et al, 2021). Nageleisen et al (2015) and Inward (2018) mention that some of the most important hosts in Europe belong to Abies , Acer , Alnus , Betula , Camellia sinensis , Carpinus , Carya , Castanea , Cornus , Fagus sylvatica , Fraxinus , Juglans nigra , J. regia , Magnolia , Picea , Pinus , Populus , Prunus , Pseudotsuga menziesii , Quercus , Salix , Ulmus glabra and Vitis vinifera .…”

“…In Europe, X. germanus is considered a secondary pest and attacks seem to be focused on forest areas (natural or commercial forests), but also on harvested trees and logs, as well as flood‐stressed plants. However, in North America, the most important attacks occur on fruit tree crops and ornamental nurseries, and X. germanus is considered one of the most economically damaging ambrosia beetle species (Dzurenko et al, 2021; Galko et al, 2019; Gugliuzzo et al, 2021; Hauptman et al, 2019; Inward, 2018; Ruzzier et al, 2021). Similar to X. crassiusculus , X. germanus rarely attacks healthy trees, and if this occurs plants are weakly colonized (Ranger et al, 2015).…”

“…Xylosandrus germanus attacks are focused on weakened and stressed trees. This species is attracted to ethanol, the most common volatile released by stressed plants (Inward, 2018; Ranger et al, 2021; Ruzzier et al, 2021). Worldwide, their attacks are often found in association with other ambrosia beetles, such as Trypodendron , Xyleborinus , Xylosandrus and Xyleborus species (Hauptman et al, 2019; Inward, 2018).…”