Y3Fe5O12 spin pumping for quantitative understanding of pure spin transport and spin Hall effect in a broad range of materials (invited)

Du, Chunhui; Wang, Hailong; Hammel, P. C.; Yang, Fengyuan

doi:10.1063/1.4913813

Cited by 70 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Our work is motivated by theoretical predictions that the spin Hall effect in metals with partially full f (l = 3) orbitals is potentially quite large 27 . In the most naive consideration of the SHE, one might expect that the combination of both large orbital angular momenta and large spins in f -electron atoms might lead to large spin-orbit coupling terms, scaling approximately as l ·s , and consistent with the qualitative trend observed in the 3d, 4d, and 5d transition metals 11,28,29 . Within this simple ansatz, rare-earths near 1/4 and 3/4 filling of the f orbitals are likely candidates for a strong SHE (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Spin Hall torques generated by rare-earth thin films

et al. 2017

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We report an initial experimental survey of spin-Hall torques generated by the rare-earth metals Gd, Dy, Ho, and Lu, along with comparisons to first-principles calculations of their spin Hall conductivities. Using spin torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) measurements and DC-biased ST-FMR, we estimate lower bounds for the spin-Hall torque ratio, ξSH, of ≈ 0.04 for Gd, ≈ 0.05 for Dy, ≈ 0.14 for Ho, and ≈ 0.014 for Lu. The variations among these elements are qualitatively consistent with results from first principles (density functional theory, DFT, in the local density approximation with a Hubbard-U correction). The DFT calculations indicate that the spin Hall conductivity is enhanced by the presence of the partially-filled f orbitals in Dy and Ho, which suggests a strategy to further strengthen the contribution of the f orbitals to the spin Hall effect by shifting the electron chemical potential.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Spin Hall torques generated by rare-earth thin films

et al. 2017

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“…Yttrium iron garnet (YIG) 2–5 and lutetium iron garnet (LuIG) 6 possess ultra-low intrinsic damping constants, which benefits spin transport studies such as long-range spin wave propagation, efficient spin pumping, SOT and spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR). Moreover, thulium iron garnet (TmIG) films grown on (111)-oriented gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) substrates were reported to show stress-induced PMA 7,8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-quality thulium iron garnet films with tunable perpendicular magnetic anisotropy by off-axis sputtering – correlation between magnetic properties and film strain

Tseng

Fanchiang

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Thulium iron garnet (TmIG) films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) were grown on gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) (111) substrates by off-axis sputtering. High-resolution synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction studies and spherical aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope (Cs-corrected STEM) images showed the excellent crystallinity of the films and their sharp interface with GGG. Damping constant of TmIG thin film was determined to be 0.0133 by frequency-dependent ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurements. The saturation magnetization (Ms) and the coercive field (Hc) were obtained systematically as a function of the longitudinal distance (L) between the sputtering target and the substrate. A 170% enhancement of PMA field (H⊥) was achieved by tuning the film composition to increase the tensile strain. Moreover, current-induced magnetization switching on a Pt/TmIG structure was demonstrated with an ultra-low critical current density (jc) of 2.5 × 106 A/cm2, an order of magnitude smaller than the previously reported value. We were able to tune Ms, Hc and H⊥ to obtain an ultra-low jc of switching the magnetization, showing the great potential of sputtered TmIG films for spintronics.

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“…Ferromagnetic insulators (FIs), such as rare earth iron garnets (REIGs), have attracted a great deal of interests recently because of their extremely low intrinsic damping constant of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) [1][2][3][4] and lutetium iron garnet (LuIG), 5 ideal for spin transport studies like long-range spin wave propagation, efficient spin pumping, spin-orbit torque (SOT) and spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) in FI-based heterostructures. FI-based heterostructures are preferred over ferromagnetic metal (FM) based heterostructures to circumvent the current shunting effect, thus to avoid complications due to the presence of charge currents in FM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-quality single-crystal thulium iron garnet films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy by off-axis sputtering

Tseng

Lin

et al. 2017

AIP Advances

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High-quality single-crystal thulium iron garnet (TmIG) films of 10-30 nm thick were grown by off-axis sputtering at room temperature (RT) followed by post-annealing. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was employed to determine the TmIG film composition to optimize the growth conditions, along with the aid of x-ray diffraction (XRD) structural analysis and atomic force microscope (AFM) for surface morphology. The optimized films exhibited perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) and the saturation magnetization at RT was ∼99 emu/cm3, close to the RT bulk value ∼110 emu/cm3 with a very low coercive field of ∼2.4 Oe. We extracted the H⊥ of 1734 Oe and the peak-to-peak linewidth ΔH of ferromagnetic resonance are only about 99 Oe, significantly lower than that of PLD grown TmIG film and bulk single crystals. The high-quality sputtered single-crystal TmIG films show great potential to be integrated with topological insulators or heavy metals with strong spin-orbit coupling for spintronic applications.

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Y3Fe5O12 spin pumping for quantitative understanding of pure spin transport and spin Hall effect in a broad range of materials (invited)

Cited by 70 publications

References 41 publications

Spin Hall torques generated by rare-earth thin films

Spin Hall torques generated by rare-earth thin films

High-quality thulium iron garnet films with tunable perpendicular magnetic anisotropy by off-axis sputtering – correlation between magnetic properties and film strain

High-quality single-crystal thulium iron garnet films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy by off-axis sputtering

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