Years of life lost associated with COVID-19 deaths in the United States

Abstract

Background The mortality effects of COVID-19 are a critical aspect of the disease’s impact. Years of life lost (YLLs) can provide greater insight than the number of deaths by conveying the shortfall in life expectancy and thus the age profile of the decedents. Methods We employed data regarding COVID-19 deaths in the USA by jurisdiction, gender and age group for the period 1 February 2020 through 11 July 2020. We used actuarial life expectancy tables by gender and age to estimate YLLs. Results We estimated roughly 1.2 million YLLs due to COVID-19 deaths. The YLLs for the top six jurisdictions exceeded those for the remaining 43. On a per-capita basis, female YLLs were generally higher than male YLLs throughout the country. Conclusions Our estimates offer new insight into the effects of COVID-19. Our findings of heterogenous rates of YLLs by geography and gender highlight variation in the magnitude of the pandemic’s effects that may inform effective policy responses.

Estimation of economic burden of COVID-19 using Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and Productivity Losses in Kerala state, India

“…SA has been vastly adopted by the researchers to depict the influence of one or more variables on the outcome(s) [3,4]. A total of 21 scenarios by adjusting six variables were analyzed in the study.…”

“…The key idea of performing SA is to assist policymakers to anticipate the effects brought in by each of the driving variables. As most of the deceased cases had underlying health conditions that reduce the life expectancy, Scenario 1 (S1) and Scenario 2 (S2) have been developed [4,33]. Increasing the number of mild cases, overall cases and deaths are conservative analysis to help healthcare fraternity and policymakers [3].…”

“…Estimating the mortality due to COVID-19 helps to understand the dynamics of the pandemic. Role of socio-demographic, social determinants and geography are important to assess the differential risk levels to the disease with age, gender and geography [4].…”

“…The number of cases in Kerala has now reached 551,669 with 1997 deaths and 481,718 recoveries as on November 21, 2020. The present study estimates the economic burden and productivity loss using Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY), Years of Potential Productive Life Lost (YPPLL) and Cost of Productivity Lost (CPL) [9,10] and the effect of age and gender [4,11] for the state of Kerala…”

Estimation of economic burden of COVID-19 using Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and Productivity Losses in Kerala state, India

“…Several researchers have been conducting researches to estimate the economic burden and productivity losses of various diseases around the globe such as the estimation of YLLs due to COVID--19 has created a significant impact around the globe, some of which include 1.2 million YLLs in the US from 1 Feb, 2020 to 11 July, 2020[4]; 2 million YLL in India as on October 17, 2020[26]; 1.75 million YLLs due to mass confinement of 3 months in Switzerland[5]; 2531 DALYs in Korea between January 20, 2020 and April 24, 2020 with YLLs and YLDs constituting 89.7% and 10.3% respectively[3];and 121449 DALYs, productivity losses of EUR 300 million and EUR 100 million due to premature mortality and absenteeism respectively, in Italy[7].…”