Yeast as a model eukaryote in toxinology: A functional genomics approach to studying the molecular basis of action of pharmacologically active molecules

Identification of auxotrophic mutants of the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus by non‐homologous end joining‐mediated integrative transformation with genes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae

“…In contrast to S. cerevisiae and K. lactis, which are widely used for molecular biology and industrial applications (Mattiazzi et al, 2012;Schaffrath and Breunig, 2000;Schwimmer et al, 2006;Smith and Snyder, 2006;van Leeuwen et al, 2012), K. marxianus has received relatively little attention, although there are an increasing number of reports describing the potential application of K. marxianus for the production of ethanol, biomass, endogenous enzymes and aromatic compounds (Bansal et al, 2008;Fonseca et al, 2008;Gao and Daugulis, 2009;Limtong et al, 2007;Nonklang et al, 2008Nonklang et al, , 2009Rodrussamee et al, 2011;Wittmann et al, 2002) and for protein structural analysis (Watanabe et al, 2012;Yamaguchi et al, 2012aYamaguchi et al, , 2012b. Thus, in the present study, we generated and characterized 79 auxotrophic mutants and identified 35 complementing genes using a novel integrative transformation approach for the development of genetic tools in K. marxianus.…”

“…Due to the vast amount of information on the molecular biology and genetics of S. cerevisiae, it is also the first choice for studying eukaryotic systems and fermentation analysis (Coughlan and Brodsky, 2005;Laluce et al, 2012;Lodolo et al, 2008;Mattiazzi et al, 2012;Schuller and Casal, 2005;Smith and Snyder, 2006). To date, numerous excellent methods for genetic manipulations have been developed for S. cerevisiae, making it an ideal model eukaryote for life science and genomic studies.…”

Yeast model identifies ENTPD6 as a potential non-obstructive azoospermia pathogenic gene

“…Many of these results have been directly extended to mammalian systems, thus providing an important tool in understanding complex human diseases 18 19 20 . Because of its powerful capacity for genetic manipulation and relative low cost in culturing, yeast has been developed as a very important system for annotating gene function, functional genomics and drug discovery, and it is suitable for uncovering the basic functions of the genes implicated in some human diseases 20 21 22 23 .…”

Functional Applications of Systems Biology Tools: Identification of Novel DNA Repair Factors and Peptide Design

“…Several model systems are suitable for systematic genome-wide functional genomic studies but the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in particular has excelled as a leading model for systems biology. Amenable to a wide variety of highthroughput techniques and readily cultured and modified in the lab, budding yeast is now arguably the best-characterized eukaryotic organism 19 . S. cerevisiae's place as a dominant model for eukaryotic systems is due in large part to several foundational projects that mapped the species including the Saccharomyces Genome Deletion Project, and multiple global protein-protein interaction (PPI), transcriptomic, and subcellular protein localization ventures.…”

“…It is cost-effective to maintain in either haploid or diploid form, undergoes fast and quantifiable growth in a variety of manipulatable environments either as individual colonies or batch cultures, and is relatively simple to modify genetically. Additionally, many fundamental biological pathways are well-conserved across eukaryotic taxa and yeast has proven to be an effective model for studying many of these by allowing for large scale analyses that are significantly more feasible when compared to using multicellular or more complex model systems 19,20 . In particular, the study of eukaryotic DNA repair has benefitted significantly from the advantages provided by the yeast model 21 .…”