Yellow fever vaccine protects mice against Zika virus infection

Santos, Ana C. Vicente; Guedes-da-Silva, Francisca Hildemagna; Dumard, Carlos H.; Ferreira, Vivian N. S.; Costa, Igor Rodrigues da; Machado, Ruana A.; Barros-Aragão, Fernanda G. Q.; Neris, Rômulo L. S.; dos-Santos, Júlio Souza; Assunção‐Miranda, Iranaia; Figueiredo, Cláudia P.; Dias, André Alves; Gomes, André M. O.; Guedes, Herbert Leonel de Matos; Oliveira, Andréa C.; Silva, Jerson L.

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009907

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Our findings corroborated a previous study that demonstrated significant ZIKV-related microcephaly in the Northeast region of Brazil where YF vaccination coverage was the lowest [54]. The strong protection of YF vaccine against ZIKV in mice [55] has opened way for the use of YF vaccine for large-scale immunization during a ZIKV outbreak. Additionally, the significant immune response obtained from the use of a chimeric ZIKV vaccine developed with the 17-D YFV vaccine as the backbone [56] has provided a sound basis for the future development of ZIKV vaccine candidate.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 91%

Cryptic Zika virus infections unmasked from suspected malaria cases in Northeastern Nigeria

Baba,

Ahmed,

Jackson

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Introduction Although environmental and human behavioral factors in countries with Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreaks are also common in Nigeria, such an outbreak has not yet been reported probably due to misdiagnosis. The atypical symptoms of malaria and ZIKV infections at the initial phase could leverage their misdiagnosis. This study randomly recruited 496 malaria-suspected patients who visited selected health institutions in Adamawa, Bauchi, and Borno states for malaria tests. These patients’ sera were analyzed for ZIKV antibodies using ELISA and plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT) at 90% endpoint. About 13.8% of Zika virus-neutralizing antibodies (nAb) did not cross-react with dengue, yellow fever, and West Nile viruses suggesting possible monotypic infections. However, 86% of the sera with ZIKV nAb also neutralized other related viruses at varied degrees: dengue viruses (60.7%), West Nile viruses (23.2%), yellow fever virus (7.1%) and 39.3% were co-infections with chikungunya viruses. Notably, the cross-reactions could also reflect co-infections as these viruses are also endemic in the country. The serum dilution that neutralized 90–100% ZIKV infectivity ranged from 1:8 to 1:128. Also, our findings suggest distinct protection against the ZIKV between different collection sites studied. As indicated by nAb, acute ZIKV infection was detected in 1.7% of IgM-positive patients while past infections occurred in 8.5% of IgM-negatives in the three states. In Borno State, 9.4% of IgG neutralized ZIKV denoting past infections while 13.5% were non-neutralizing IgM and IgG indicating other related virus infections. The age, gender, and occupation of the patients and ZIKV nAb were not significantly different. ZIKV nAb from samples collected within 1–7 days after the onset of symptoms was not significantly different from those of 7–10 days. A wider interval with the same techniques in this study may probably give better diagnostic outcomes. ZIKV nAb was significantly distinct among recipients and non-recipients of antibiotic/antimalaria treatments before seeking malaria tests. The inhibiting effect of these drugs on ZIKV infection progression may probably contribute to the absence of neurological disorders associated with the virus despite being endemic in the environment for several decades. Also, protection against ZIKV as marked by the nAb was different among the vaccinated and unvaccinated YF vaccine recipients. Thus, the YF vaccine may be a good alternative to the Zika vaccine in resource-constrained countries. Conclusion The cryptic ZIKV infections underscore the need for differential diagnosis of malaria-suspected febrile patients for arboviruses, especially the Zika virus. The absence of systemic surveillance for the virus is worrisome because of its association with neurological disorders in newborns. Co-infections with other arboviruses may impact adversely on the management of these diseases individually.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 91%

Cryptic Zika virus infections unmasked from suspected malaria cases in Northeastern Nigeria

Baba,

Ahmed,

Jackson

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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“…Interestingly, an epidemiological study in Brazil found that ZIKV-related microcephaly was more common in Brazilian regions with the least coverage of YFV vaccination [ 91 ] suggesting a role for cross-reactivity between YFV immunity. In agreement, Vicente et al demonstrated that immunization against YFV using 17DD vaccine can decrease cerebral virus load, prevent neurological manifestations, weight loss and mortality in a fatal murine model of ZIKV infection by mechanisms possibly associated with cross-reactive cell-mediated immunity [ 92 ]. Indeed, YFV vaccination leads to the emergence of ZIKV-specific CD8 T cells [ 93 ].…”

Section: Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 75%

Peculiarities of Zika Immunity and Vaccine Development: Lessons from Dengue and the Contribution from Controlled Human Infection Model

et al. 2022

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The Zika virus (ZIKV) was first isolated from a rhesus macaque in the Zika forest of Uganda in 1947. Isolated cases were reported until 2007, when the first major outbreaks of Zika infection were reported from the Island of Yap in Micronesia and from French Polynesia in 2013. In 2015, ZIKV started to circulate in Latin America, and in 2016, ZIKV was considered by WHO to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern due to cases of Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS), a ZIKV-associated complication never observed before. After a peak of cases in 2016, the infection incidence dropped dramatically but still causes concern because of the associated microcephaly cases, especially in regions where the dengue virus (DENV) is endemic and co-circulates with ZIKV. A vaccine could be an important tool to mitigate CZS in endemic countries. However, the immunological relationship between ZIKV and other flaviviruses, especially DENV, and the low numbers of ZIKV infections are potential challenges for developing and testing a vaccine against ZIKV. Here, we discuss ZIKV vaccine development with the perspective of the immunological concerns implicated by DENV-ZIKV cross-reactivity and the use of a controlled human infection model (CHIM) as a tool to accelerate vaccine development.

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“…This situation may favor infectious disease reemergence, a fact recently observed with the reappearance of measles [ 35 ] and yellow fever [ 36 ]. As yellow fever vaccine may confer partial protection against ZIKV [ 37 ], it is likely the poverty–microcephaly relationship be triggered by settings composed of low vaccine coverage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microcephaly and Associated Risk Factors in Newborns: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study

2022

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Congenital microcephaly is caused by a multitude of drivers affecting maternal–fetal health during pregnancy. It is a rare outcome in high-income industrial countries where microcephaly rates are in the range of 0.3–0.9 per 1000 newborns. Prevalence of microcephaly varies considerably across developing countries and can go as high as 58 cases per 1000 live births in pregnancies exposed to infection by Zika virus (ZIKV). Not only ZIKV-infected pregnancies, but other drivers can modulate the occurrence and severity of this outcome. Here, we sought to test the ZIKV–microcephaly association vs. competing hypotheses using a meta-analysis with 8341 microcephaly cases pooled from 10,250,994 newborns in the Americas, Africa, and Asia. Analysis of risk ratios (RR) showed teratogens the most likely microcephaly-associated risk factor (RR = 3.43; 95%-CI 2.69–4.38; p-value < 0.0001), while the statistical significance of the ZIKV–microcephaly association was marginal (RR = 2.12; 95%-CI 1.01–4.48; p-value = 0.048). Other congenital infections showed strong but variable associations with microcephaly (RR = 15.24; 95%-CI 1.74–133.70; p-value = 0.014). Microcephaly cases were associated with impoverished socioeconomic settings, but this association was statistically non-significant (RR = 2.75; 95%-CI 0.55–13.78; p-value = 0.22). The marginal ZIKV–microcephaly association and statistical significance of the competing hypotheses suggest maternal ZIKV infection might not be a cause of microcephaly alone.

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Yellow fever vaccine protects mice against Zika virus infection

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Cryptic Zika virus infections unmasked from suspected malaria cases in Northeastern Nigeria

Cryptic Zika virus infections unmasked from suspected malaria cases in Northeastern Nigeria

Peculiarities of Zika Immunity and Vaccine Development: Lessons from Dengue and the Contribution from Controlled Human Infection Model

Microcephaly and Associated Risk Factors in Newborns: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study

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