Yellow pigment of Metarhizium anisopliae and its application to the dyeing of fabrics

Abstract

Microbial dyes have received substantial attention because of their natural environmental protection, simple access, and reduced regional and seasonal restriction. In this work, a microbial dye, the yellow pigment produced by Metarhizium anisopliae, was first studied then applied. The strain produced by the culture was identified, and the conditions for producing yellow pigment were optimised. Further, the stability of M. anisopliae yellow pigment was examined, and the pigment was applied to the dyeing of silk and wool fabrics. The results showed that the homology of the strain with M. anisopliae was 99.98%. In liquid fermentation culture, the optimal carbon source was glucose, and the dosage was 30 g/l. The maximum pigment yield can be obtained by culturing with 4% v/v of inoculation quantity at pH 7 and 30 °C. In addition, the effects of pH, temperature and metal ions on the yellow pigment of M. anisopliae were significant. The optimum dyeing process conditions were dyeing temperatures of 80 °C for silk and 90 °C for wool, with a dyeing time of 60 min. This research developed a novel microbial dye and studied its application for the dyeing of protein fibres.

Application of D‐optimal design in the analysis and modelling of dyeing of plasma‐treated wool with three natural dyes

“…These days, because of the health and environmental problems associated with toxic chemicals, in particular some of the synthetic dyes and auxiliaries used in the textile industry, there is an increasing tendency to utilise eco‐textiles. One of the recently studied strategies is the replacement of some synthetic dyes with suitable natural colorants obtained from animal, plant or microbial sources, which are believed to be safer for humans and the environment . Wool is one of the textile fibres that is extensively used alone or in blends with other fibres.…”

Biogenic colourants in the textile industry – a promising and sustainable alternative to synthetic dyes

“…48 Yan et al used an unidentified yellow fungal pigment on silk and wool with different mordanting. 125 In general, the interest in dyeing with microbial-derived molecules is growing; hence, more investigations of different structure classes are expected to follow. The study situation seems to be a spotted landscape at the moment.…”

A recent (2009–2021) perspective on sustainable color and textile coloration using natural plant resources

“… Alum Compound - KAI(SO 4 ) 2 ; Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ; AlCl 3 ; Al (NO 3 ) 3 Wool Brightening mordants; Strong affinity for both cellulose and protein fibers; Form an insoluble complexes; Enhanced color depth; Keep original shade; Improve light and wash colorfastness; Less toxicity than others. ( Zarkogianni et al., 2011 ; Yi and Yoo, 2010 ; Mansour, 2010 ; Farizadeh et al., 2010 ; Erdem Işmal et al., 2013 ; Deveoglu et al., 2012a , Deveoglu et al., 2012b ; Ghaheh et al., 2012 ; Khan et al., 2012 ; Shahid et al., 2012 ; Guesmi et al., 2012a ; Yusuf et al., 2012 ; Deveoglu et al., 2012a , Deveoglu et al., 2012b ; Tutak and Benli, 2012 ; Ghouila et al., 2012 ; Ebrahimi and Parvinzadeh Gashti, 2016 ; Sadeghi-Kiakhani, 2015 ; Nazari et al., 2014 ; Zhang et al., 2014 ; Shabbir et al., 2016 ; Islam and Mohammad, 2018 ; Shabbir et al., 2018 ; Shahid-ul-Islam et al., 2018a , Shahid-ul-Islam et al., 2018b ; Lee et al., 2018 ; Yan et al., 2019 ; Fröse et al., 2019 ; Rather et al., 2020 ; Adeel et al., 2020 ; Peran et al., 2020 ; Haji, 2020 ; Zhang et al., 2020 ; dos Silva et al., 2020 ; Jabar et al., 2020 ) Cotton; Flax; Jute; Ramie; Bamboo; Lyocell; Viscose ( Vankar and Shukla, 2011 ; ...…”

“… ( Zarkogianni et al., 2011 ; Yi and Yoo, 2010 ; Mansour, 2010 ; Farizadeh et al., 2010 ; Erdem Işmal et al., 2013 ; Deveoglu et al., 2012a , Deveoglu et al., 2012b ; Ghaheh et al., 2012 ; Khan et al., 2012 ; Shahid et al., 2012 ; Guesmi et al., 2012a ; Yusuf et al., 2012 ; Deveoglu et al., 2012a , Deveoglu et al., 2012b ; Tutak and Benli, 2012 ; Ghouila et al., 2012 ; Ebrahimi and Parvinzadeh Gashti, 2016 ; Sadeghi-Kiakhani, 2015 ; Nazari et al., 2014 ; Zhang et al., 2014 ; Shabbir et al., 2016 ; Islam and Mohammad, 2018 ; Shabbir et al., 2018 ; Shahid-ul-Islam et al., 2018a , Shahid-ul-Islam et al., 2018b ; Lee et al., 2018 ; Yan et al., 2019 ; Fröse et al., 2019 ; Rather et al., 2020 ; Adeel et al., 2020 ; Peran et al., 2020 ; Haji, 2020 ; Zhang et al., 2020 ; dos Silva et al., 2020 ; Jabar et al., 2020 ) Cotton; Flax; Jute; Ramie; Bamboo; Lyocell; Viscose ( Vankar and Shukla, 2011 ; Zarkogianni et al., 2011 ; Arroyo-Figueroa et al., 2011 ; Yi and Yoo, 2010 ; Farizadeh et al., 2010 ; Bhatti et al., 2010 ; Rehman et al., 2013 ; Batool et al., 2013 ; Velmurugan et al., 2013 ; Savvidis et al., 2013 ; Tutak and Benli, 2012 …”