Yield, Fiber and Spinning Performance of Interspecific Cotton Hybrids Having a Common Parent¹

Abstract

‘Pima S‐5’ (Gossyplum barbadense L.) was crossed as a common male parent onto 13 upland cotton (G. hirsutum L.) genotypes. The F1's, along with ‘Coker 310’ and Pima S‐5 as checks, were grown in 1976 and 1977 to evaluate their yield, fiber, and spinning performance. The lint yield mean over 1976 and 1977 for the hybrids as a group was significantly higher than that of Pima S‐5. In 1977, 10 hybrids produced essentially the same yield as Coker 310; three produced less. Boll size for all hybrids was intermediate between that of Coker 310 and Pima S‐5 while lint percentage was lower than both. Fiber lengths (2.5 and 50% span lengths) of the hybrids were the same as or longer than Pima S‐5. All hybrids had stronger fiber than Coker 310, and some produced fiber as strong as Pima S‐5. Fiber elongation and uniformity index differences were not detected. Spinning tests of yarn and thread from lint of the hybrid ms5ms6 ✕ Pima S‐5 showed a slight advantage for percent elongation, percent uniformity, and number of thin places/1000 m as compared to Pima. However, this hybrid was slightly lower in yarn and thread tenacity. Number of thick places and nep count/1000 m were higher in the yarn from the hybrid, but they were lower in the thread from the hybrid as compared to Pima. Thread color and appearance, following a dyeing test, were similar in both types of cotton. The higher number of neps in the yarn from the hybrid might be partially attributed to saw ginning of its seed cotton and to the low fiber maturity characteristic of this hybrid. Nine hybrids possessed fibers with narrow diameters coupled with fiber maturity comparable to Pima and would be expected to give similar spinning performance for neppiness.

Registration of TAM SIUP 98 and TAM SIUP 162 Germplasm Lines of Cotton

“…Hybrid F 1 progeny of G. hirsutum and G. barbadense have been documented to have values for lint yield production, fiber quality, abiotic stress tolerance, and disease resistance that are better than the mid‐parent values (Davis, 1979; Palomo and Davis, 1984; Weaver et al, 1984; Galanopoulou‐Sendouca and Roupakias, 1999; Saranga et al, 2001). In advanced generations of G. hirsutum × G. barbadense hybrids, genetic breakdown generally occurs and becomes a barrier to integrating favorable alleles from both species into a single genetically stable inbred line (Stephens, 1949; Percival et al, 1999).…”