Yielding ability and adaptability parameters of cereal crop varieties in the forest steppe of Northern Transuralia

Sapega, V. A.; Турсумбекова, Г. Ш.

doi:10.3103/s1068367410030031

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In case of soil fertility, the content of nitrate nitrogen has increased up to 12 mg/kg of soil in tillering, which corresponded to average availability. Calculations showed that due to microbiological activity during the sowing-tillering period, 34 kg/ha of nitrogen available for plants was formed which is half the value of current nitrification of chernozems of the Trans-Urals [10]. When fertilizers were applied, the nitrate content in 0-40 cm layer during the tillering period reached 26-51 mg/kg of soil.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fertility of Arable Chernozems of Western Siberia during Long-Term Application of Mineral Fertilizers

Eremin¹

2018

International Scientific and Practical Conference "AgroSMART - Smart Solutions for Agriculture" (AgroSMART 2018)

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Western Siberia is the area of risk farming; however, it has always been and still remains a promising region for the development of modern agriculture. Unlike welldeveloped European chernozem or black soil, their Siberian counterparts are unstable to the anthropogenic impact. Therefore, the farming technologies for growing crops developed for the Central Black Earth Region are not acceptable for Western Siberia. Studies on the influence of increasing doses of mineral fertilizers were carried out in the Department of Soil Science and Agrochemistry of the Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University located in the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Urals. These studies covered the application of fertilizers for the planned yield from 3.0 to 6.0 t/ha of crops in the period from 1995 to 2015. Partial migration of nitrate nitrogen outside the arable layer was identified. The transition of phosphorus fertilizers non-demanded by plants to phosphate forms that are inaccessible to them was revealed, which indicates the need for justification of doses of mineral fertilizers in the fields of Western Siberia. The negative effect of high doses (more than N120P30 kg/ha) on the agrochemical and agrophysical properties of arable balck soil in the Northern Trans-Ural region was revealed. For the period of 20 years the content of agronomically valuable aggregates (1.00-0.25 mm) has decreased from 89.9 to 76.5 mm, and their water resistance has droped down from 75.4 to 66.0%. Under the influence of mineral fertilizers, the rate of compaction of the arable horizon increases by 7.0% with respect to the natural soil fertility.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fertility of Arable Chernozems of Western Siberia during Long-Term Application of Mineral Fertilizers

Eremin¹

2018

International Scientific and Practical Conference "AgroSMART - Smart Solutions for Agriculture" (AgroSMART 2018)

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“…Therefore, to improve nutritiousness of succulent fodder, the task of inventing early-season hybrids was set before the selectionists. Successful development of modern selection, supported by engineering biotechnology, the emergence of molecular and genetic laboratories have developed many crop varieties, including early season corn hybrids which, in the experience, are capable to mature even in the conditions of Siberia [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growing Corns by Grain-Growing Technology in Siberia

Demin¹,

Eremin²

2018

International Scientific and Practical Conference "AgroSMART - Smart Solutions for Agriculture" (AgroSMART 2018)

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The development of animal husbandry in Siberia has led to the necessity to form stable fodder base at the expense of domestic products. Many producers and scientists consider the corn as the most promising culture. It is the integral component at the creation of a high-energy forage for farm animals and birds. High content of nutrient elements in corn kernels and the content of nonreplaceable amino acids turn this culture into a main element in feeding animals. The aim of the research is to study the producing corn kernels in the foreststeppe zone of the Trans-Ural region. The investigations were carried out in the leached loamy black earth area with characteristic morphological features and properties for soils in the South of the Tyumen region. The scheme of the experiment included two sowing dates on May 15 and on May 25, and options with various level of feeding for planned yield 4.0; 5.0 and 6.0 t/ha of corn kernels. In the experiment the hybrid Ladozhskyi 148 was sowed (FAO 150). The vegetation period of corn at sowing on May 15 was 132-137 full days, shifting the sowing date to the 3rd decade of May has provided the reduction of this period by 6-7 full days. Its greatest gain was observed at a milk stage of corn kernels where it was 11,05-16,49 t/ha. Shifting the sowing date into the 3rd decade of May has increased this indicator by 22-31%. Seeding crops on May 15 allowed to obtain the planned yield in all options. When seeding crops on May 25 there was a decrease in yield by 14-24% in comparison with the first term. Harvest humidity of corn kernels at the first sowing date was 34.4-34.8% of weight. The disbalance of feeding elements in variant with the planned yield of 5.0 t/ha of corn kernels has led to increasing humidity up to 38.9%. Shifting sowing date to the third decade of May has increased the indicator by 1.9-4.0% in regards to the first sowing date.

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“…Siberian plant breeders have created crop varieties capable of high yields of high-quality produce under unfavorable climatic conditions. [4,5,6]. However, movement to the precise agriculture system turned out problematic, as agrarians do not have enough knowledge about properties of soil in their fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisited Formation of Morphological Features of Gray Forest Soils of West Siberia

Kastornova¹

2018

International Scientific and Practical Conference "AgroSMART - Smart Solutions for Agriculture" (AgroSMART 2018)

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Topsoils of Western Siberia have not been studied in sufficient detail. The causes of it are a variability of soil formation rocks, specifics of relief in the territory, human activities, and inaccessibility of some territories. When moving to precise agriculture, lack of exact information on typology of soils impedes development of zoned soil treatment and fertilizing systems. The goal of the research was to analyze morphological attributes of gray forest soils formed in the forest-steppe zone of Trans-Ural. The paper gives data from multi-year research conducted by the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry of the Northern Trans-Ural State Agrarian University collected in the south of Tyumen oblast. It has been established, that subtypes of the gray forest soils differ significantly with each other by their genetic horizons. In light-gray and gray forest soils, there is an eluvial horizon that varies in coloration and structure. Dark-gray forest soils lack this horizon. The attributes of podsolization are evident in ample silica powdering in the lower part of the humus horizon. The soil profile of the dark gray forest soil is closest to chernozems of Trans-Ural forest-steppe in their morphogenetic attributes. Variance and statistical analysis of data from 75 soil profile cuts show a significant variation in depth of the genetic horizons within each subtype of gray forest soils. It impedes classification of the regional soils. Variance in the depth of illuvial carbonate horizon against the background of podsolization and solodization of soils has a significant influence over the soil formation process by forming regional morphogenetic attributes that impede classification of the gray forest soils. When moving to the precise agriculture it is necessary to compile a detailed map of land use that will reflect such regional features of the gray forest soils as the humus horizon depth, presence of podsolization and solodization evidence, carbonate horizon depth. It will give a possibility to develop a system of extended regeneration of fertility of gray forest soils when involving them into the plowed stock of Western Siberia.

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Yielding ability and adaptability parameters of cereal crop varieties in the forest steppe of Northern Transuralia

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Fertility of Arable Chernozems of Western Siberia during Long-Term Application of Mineral Fertilizers

Fertility of Arable Chernozems of Western Siberia during Long-Term Application of Mineral Fertilizers

Growing Corns by Grain-Growing Technology in Siberia

Revisited Formation of Morphological Features of Gray Forest Soils of West Siberia

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