Background and Literature Review Abuse and violence towards match officials has been examined within academic literature recently with much of the focus directed towards association football in England, where issues regarding referee retention in particular have been highlighted as a consequence of the abuse experienced by referees (Cleland, O'Gorman, & Webb, 2017; Webb, Cleland, & O'Gorman, 2017). Research in alternative sports has also reported strategies with the potential to increase match official recruitment and retention, with characteristics such as the importance of community, and social interaction identified as important (Kellett & Warner, 2011; Warner, Tingle, & Kellett, 2013). Moreover, work concerning baseball and lacrosse officials considered issues related to increased levels of support in baseball when compared to lacrosse, as well as strategies related to recruitment and retention of match officials (Ridinger, 2015), whereas Schaeperkoetter (2017) conducted an autoethnographic study examining personal experiences as a basketball official, the underrepresentation of female referees in basketball, and the importance of dealing with stress through effective coping mechanisms. Findings from Australian rules football umpires demonstrated that abuse from spectators, parents, players, and coaches was considered a 'normal' part of their role, with match officials also reporting stress in and around their working environment (Kellett & Shilbury, 2007). On this point, stress resulting from officiating has also been associated with reduced mental health, match official performance, and dropout intentions (Voight, 2009). Furthermore, research conducted with ice hockey match officials considered the source, and intensity of their experience of stressful events, with verbal and physical abuse and fear of mistakes found to exist across various levels of 2 officiating (Dorsch & Paskevich, 2007). Given the abuse and stress which match officials are under, support from governing bodies is essential to recruit and retain match officials, and can be linked to a necessary duty of care for members of staff, including referees and umpires (Fletcher & Wagstaff, 2009). There has been recent work in rugby union in England, suggesting that verbal and physical abuse have increased of late, with referees identifying issues emanating from players, coaches and spectators (Rayner, Webb, & Webb, 2016). There is also research specifically focused on English rugby league referees. For example, physiological research has considered the physical demands of elite referees using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) to evaluate the movement and physiological demands or professional rugby league referees (O'Hara et al., 2013). Physiological work has also considered the effect of movement demands on the accuracy of referee penalty decisions during a match (Emmonds et al., 2015). Furthermore, the concept of aggression in rugby league has been linked to the location of the game. Jones, Bray and Oliver (2007) examined the relationship between ...