Young people's exposure to point-of-sale tobacco products and promotions

Stead, Martine; Eadie, Douglas; MacKintosh, Anne Marie; Best, Catherine; Miller, Martine; Haseen, Farhana; Pearce, Jamie; Tisch, Catherine; MacDonald, Laura; MacGregor, Andy; Amos, Amanda; Sluijs, Winfried van der; Frank, John; Haw, Sally

doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2016.03.032

Cited by 31 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Scotland showed that both for supermarkets and small shops 80% of adolescents recalled seeing tobacco products or promotions. 12 Only banning displays in supermarkets is therefore not sufficient and our findings support the need for comprehensive bans on tobacco display in countries where tobacco is still visible at POS.…”

Section: Research Papersupporting

confidence: 49%

“…'), ranging from every day to never, as used previously. 12 Students could also opt for 'don't know'. Shop types that were likely to sell tobacco were categorised into small shops and large shops, with small shops including: newsagents/corner shops, garage shops/petrol stations, grocery shops or mini marts, fish and chip shops, and other takeaway shops.…”

Section: Shop Visit Frequencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Data collected preban showed that 80% of Scottish adolescents reported having seen tobacco displays. 12 The impact of taking displays out of sight is therefore potentially substantial, but this has not yet been studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adolescents’ perceptions of tobacco accessibility and smoking norms and attitudes in response to the tobacco point-of-sale display ban in Scotland: results from the DISPLAY Study

et al. 2019

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Background Scotland implemented a ban on open display of tobacco products in supermarkets in April 2013, and small shops in April 2015. This study aimed to quantify changes in perceived tobacco accessibility, smoking norms and smoking attitudes among adolescents in Scotland, following the implementation of partial and comprehensive point-of-sale (POS) tobacco display bans. Methods From the Determining the Impact of Smoking Point of Sale Legislation Among Youth (DISPLAY) Study's 2013-2017 annual surveys we retrieved data comprising 6202 observations on 4836 12-17-year-old adolescents from four schools. Applying generalised estimating equations, associations between time (postban:2016-2017 vs preban:2013) and three outcomes were estimated. Outcomes were perceived commercial access to tobacco, perceived positive smoking norm (friends think it's OK to smoke) and positive smoking attitude (you think it's OK to smoke). Analyses were adjusted for sociodemographics, smoking status, family smoking, friend smoking and e-cigarette use. Results Crude trends showed an increase over time in perceived accessibility, norms and attitudes. However, after adjustment for confounders, mainly e-cigarette use, we found significant declines in perceived access (OR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.90) and in positive smoking attitude (OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.49 to 0.91), but no change in perceived positive smoking norm (OR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.29). Current/past occasional or regular e-cigarette use was associated with higher odds of perceived access (OR = 3.12, 95% CI 2.32 to 4.21), positive norm (OR = 2.94, 95% CI 2.16 to 4.02) and positive attitude (OR = 3.38, 95% CI 2.35 to 4.87). Conclusion Only when taking into account that the use of e-cigarettes increased in 2013-2017 did we find that the POS tobacco display ban in supermarkets and small shops in Scotland was followed by reductions in adolescents' perceived accessibility of tobacco and positive attitudes towards smoking.Correction notice This article has been corrected since it first published online. The open access licence type has been amended.

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Section: Research Papersupporting

confidence: 49%

Section: Shop Visit Frequencymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adolescents’ perceptions of tobacco accessibility and smoking norms and attitudes in response to the tobacco point-of-sale display ban in Scotland: results from the DISPLAY Study

et al. 2019

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“…16 Further details of the retail audits and how shops were identified are given in previous publications. 8,22 Observers worked in pairs to conduct the audits which were undertaken discreetly without retailer's being aware. Data collection was facilitated by a token purchase made in each retail outlet to gain access to the tobacco counter, and the use of memory aids and devices, such as mobile phones to record key numeric data (eg, number of stor- age unit shelves).…”

Section: Retail Audit Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Change in Tobacco Visibility at Point-of-Sale Following a Display Ban

Eadie¹,

Best²,

Stead³

et al. 2018

tobacco reg sci

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Objectives:In this paper, we describe a point-of-sale (POS) tobacco visibility tool and examine its utility for assessing changes in visibility following legislation banning tobacco displays. Methods: An observational tool was developed as part of DISPLAY, a multimodal, longitudinal study evaluating the impact of the tobacco POS display ban in Scotland. Measures were taken of product and storage unit visibility, over 5 years, pre-and post-implementation in all retail outlets selling tobacco in 4 contrasting study areas (N = 103). Results: Data generated by the visibility tool illustrated that whereas the display ban had reduced product visibility, it had little impact on reducing visibility of tobacco storage units. However, it did narrow the inequality gap in storage visibility. It also found some shop types reduced product visibility before legally required to do so. Conclusions: The DISPLAY visibility tool provides a reliable method for measuring visibility of tobacco displays before and after implementation of POS legislation. Tobacco product visibility reduced as expected following implementation of the legislation, but storage unit visibility persisted, providing residual cues of tobacco availability which may confound the effects of the legislation. The DISPLAY tool has the potential to be utilized in countries planning POS display bans.

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“…Attracting consumers’ attention to POS displays is certainly a goal of tobacco companies. Power walls are designed to be maximally eye-catching, and tobacco companies pay large sums of money to have the power wall appear in the most prominent in-store locations (e.g., behind the cashier; often close to products intended for children; Stead et al, 2016). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased attention to the tobacco power wall predicts increased smoking risk among adolescents

Martino

Setodji

Dunbar

et al. 2019

Addictive Behaviors

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The purpose of this correlational study was to evaluate the association between attention paid by adolescents to the tobacco power wall and their susceptibility to future smoking. The study was conducted in the RAND Store Lab (RSL), a life-sized replica of a convenience store designed to investigate how tobacco advertising displays in retail point-of-sale environments relate to tobacco use risk and behaviors. In this study, middle and high school students (N = 80) shopped in the RSL while their attention to the tobacco power wall was measured covertly. Before and after shopping in the RSL, participants completed a measure of susceptibility to smoking in the future. Controlling for baseline cigarette smoking susceptibility and other potential confounders, attention toward the tobacco power wall was found to be significantly associated with future smoking susceptibility, p = .046. This finding suggests that policies aimed at decreasing the prominence of power walls in retail outlets should be given careful consideration as ways to reduce the impact of point-of-sale tobacco advertising and promotion on youth smoking susceptibility.

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Young people's exposure to point-of-sale tobacco products and promotions

Abstract: POS displays remain a key vector in most countries for advertising tobacco products, and it is important to develop robust measures of exposure. The data reported in this paper provide a baseline measure for evaluating the efficacy of legislation prohibiting such displays.

Cited by 31 publications

References 21 publications

Adolescents’ perceptions of tobacco accessibility and smoking norms and attitudes in response to the tobacco point-of-sale display ban in Scotland: results from the DISPLAY Study

Adolescents’ perceptions of tobacco accessibility and smoking norms and attitudes in response to the tobacco point-of-sale display ban in Scotland: results from the DISPLAY Study

Assessing Change in Tobacco Visibility at Point-of-Sale Following a Display Ban

Increased attention to the tobacco power wall predicts increased smoking risk among adolescents

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