Youngest early carboniferous (late Visean) shallow-water patch reefs in eastern Australia (Rockhampton Group, Queensland): Combining quantitative micro- and macro-scale data

Webb, Gregory E.

doi:10.1007/bf02537462

Cited by 35 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The communities consist mainly of calcimicrobes and microbialite (stromatolites and thrombolites). It is only just after the beginning of the early Viséan stage that there was a resurgence of skeletal metazoan in the reef biome (Adams 1984;Dix and James 1987;Bancroft et al 1988;Webb 1989Webb , 1998Webb , 1999Webb , 2005Horbury 1992;Mundy 1994;Ahr and Stanton 1994). Mississippian carbonate buildups are known in eastern Australia (Jull 1968;Webb 1989Webb , 1998Webb , 1999Shen 2002;Shen andWebb 2005, 2008), western Newfoundland of Canada (Dix and James 1987), Europe (Adams 1984;Bancroft et al 1988;Horbury 1992;Lauwers 1992;Somerville et al 1992Somerville et al , 1996Somerville 2003;Pickard 1992Pickard , 1996Mundy 1994;Bridges et al 1995;Kirkham 2005;Aretz and Chevalier 2007), North Africa (Pareyn 1959;Bourque et al 1995;Madi et al 1996); northern Arkansas, New Mexico, Virginia and Texas of USA (Webb 1987;Ahr 1989;Christopher 1990;Ahr and Stanton 1994), Urals of Russia (Antoshkina 1998;Skompski et al 2001), and Japan …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Mississippian (Early Carboniferous) stromatolite mounds in a fore-reef slope setting, Laibin, Guangxi, South China

Shen

Qing

2008

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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The Mississippian (Early Carboniferous) is generally a period of scarce carbonate buildups in South China. This study documents outcrops of stromatolite mounds at Mengcun and Helv villages, in Laibin City, Guangxi Province, South China. The stromatolite mounds contain various stromatolite morphologies including laminar, wavy-laminar, domal or hemispheroidal, bulbous, and flabellate-growth columns. Intramound rocks are brachiopod floatstone and dark thin-bedded laminated micrite limestone. Individual stromatolites at Mengcun village are generally 3-6 cm thick and morphologically represent relatively shallow-water laminar (planar and wavy-undulated stromatolites) and deeper-water domal, bulbous and columnar forms. Where mounds were formed, the stromatolites continued growing upward up to 60 cm thick. Thrombolitic fabrics also occur but are not common. Stromatolite microscopic structure shows the bulk of the lamination to consist of wavy microbialite and discrete thin micritic laminae. These mounds are intercalated in deep-water fore-reef talus breccia, packstone formed as a bioclastic debris flow and thin-bedded limestone containing common chert layers of the Tatang Formation (late Viséan). Further evidence supporting the deep-water setting of the stromatolite mounds are: (1) a laterally thinning horizon of brachiopod floatstone containing deepwater, small, thin-shelled brachiopods, peloidal micritic sediments and low-diversity, mixed fauna (e.g., thin-shelled brachiopods, tube-like worms and algae) that have been interpreted as storm deposits, (2) common fore-reef talus breccias, (3) lack of sedimentary structures indicating current action, (4) preservation of lamination with sponge spicules, and (5) lack of bioturbation suggesting that the stromatolites grew in a relatively low energy, deep-water setting. The stromatolite mounds are the first described stromatolite mounds in Mississippian strata of South China and contain evidence that supports interpretations of (1) growth history of Mississippian microbial buildups and (2) environmental controls on stromatolite growth and lithification.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Mississippian (Early Carboniferous) stromatolite mounds in a fore-reef slope setting, Laibin, Guangxi, South China

Shen

Qing

2008

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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“…The likelihood of preservation is inferred to be closely related to the bacterial decay of sponge soft tissues and concurrent lithification (e.g. Reitner 1993; Warnke 1995; Webb 1999; Adachi et al. 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lithistid sponges would normally have been completely degraded, leaving no trace of their existence; however, relatively well preserved sponges, showing distinct, regular, lattice‐like spicular networks, were preserved if the spicules became encased in micrite and peloids subsequent to the death of the sponge but before the complete dissolution of the spicules. In contrast, the preservation potential is poor if dissolution of the spicules occurs prior to encasement in micrite and peloids (Webb 1999). Therefore, variations in the state of preservation of the sponges observed in the present study (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The oldest bryozoan reefs: a unique Early Ordovician skeletal framework construction

Adachi

Ezaki

2012

LET

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The oldest bryozoan reefs occur in the Lower Ordovician (late Tremadocian) Fenhsiang Formation of the Three Gorges area, South China. These reefs show a unique type of bryozoan (Nekhorosheviella) framework, and were constructed as follows: the first stage involved colonization by lithistid sponges, which acted as a baffler to trap sediments, providing bryozoans with a stable substrate for attachment. The bryozoans then grew as an encruser on the surfaces of sponges, showing a preferential downwards and lateral growth within the sponge scaffolding to avoid biological and physical disturbance. Finally, these biotic combinations among skeletal organisms formed a rigid, threedimensional skeletal framework. This mode of bryozoan growth in association with lithistid sponges is remarkable and unique in its growth direction, and the appearance of such reefs, just prior to the widespread development of skeletal-dominated reefs as part of the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event, provides an excellent example of the earliest attempts by skeletal organisms to form frameworks by themselves. This find significantly enhances our understanding of the initial stages of skeletal-dominated reef evolution and the ensuing development of reefs during the Middle-Late Ordovician. h Bryozoa, Early Ordovician, lithistid sponge, Ordovician radiation, reef.Natsuko Adachi [adachi@pku.edu.cn],

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“…The latter are usually included under the term 'automicrites' (e.g. Lees & Miller, ; Reitner & Neuweiler, ; Webb, ). This subdivision of the organo‐precipitated automicrites is preferred to analyze possible variations in the carbonate mounds.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is noteworthy that in contrast to many other mounds where the sponge spicules are associated with many well‐preserved sponge bodies (e.g. Bourque et al ., ; Webb, ), the presence of sponge spicules in limestones of the Montagne Noire is low, although sponge bodies have been recognized in places. This fact contrasts with the common sponge spicules in the pre‐mound facies, even constituting spiculites in the black bedded chert of the Lydiennes Formation, as well as in green bedded chert of the Colonnes Formation (Cózar et al ., ).…”

Section: Environmental Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental controls on the development of Mississippian microbial carbonate mounds and platform limestones in southern Montagne Noire (France)

Cózar

Izart²,

Somerville

et al. 2019

Sedimentology

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Late Mississippian carbonates in southern Montagne Noire are dominantly domical to laterally‐accreted microbial mounds in some formations, as well as stratiform microbial limestones occurring in hundreds of olistoliths within a flysch basin, constituting pieces of a giant puzzle that are used to help reconstruct a platform in a region that is no longer preserved. Petrographic data of limestone samples from 14 continuous long sections of olistoliths have been analyzed statistically, using multivariate clustering (Q‐mode) of the components/matrix/cement and canonical correspondence analysis that allow the reconstruction of the environmental parameters of carbonate microbial communities in space and time. Clustering analysis separated microbial and non‐microbial facies. The calculation of indices along the various axes from canonical correspondence analysis allows recognition of the controlling factors of the mounds and microbial growth as being turbidity, light penetration, bathymetry and storms. Turbidity and light penetration are the primary factors controlling the morphology of the microbial limestones. Representation of the light penetration and bathymetry indices on the stratigraphical sections defines two vertical environmental gradients. Light penetration can be subdivided into euphotic, euphotic–dysphotic and dysphotic‐aphotic conditions. The representation of the bathymetry allows the subdivision of samples into a deeper outer ramp, external mid‐ramp and internal mid‐ramp. The curve distance from the section base = f (index) suggests a cyclicity for the platform that cannot be compared with the onlap curve defined from other cratonic areas (Moscow Basin), and thus the cyclic succession of the Montagne Noire is interpreted to have been mostly tectonically‐controlled. Integration of the data allowed the reconstruction of the original Mississippian carbonate platform, where, up to the Mikhailovian, it appears to correspond to a platform morphology, with narrow shallow water facies and wide turbiditic systems, whereas the width of shallow‐water settings expanded during the Venevian to the Protvian, forming a ramp or distally‐steepened ramp with widespread microbial limestones.

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Youngest early carboniferous (late Visean) shallow-water patch reefs in eastern Australia (Rockhampton Group, Queensland): Combining quantitative micro- and macro-scale data

Cited by 35 publications

References 35 publications

Mississippian (Early Carboniferous) stromatolite mounds in a fore-reef slope setting, Laibin, Guangxi, South China

Mississippian (Early Carboniferous) stromatolite mounds in a fore-reef slope setting, Laibin, Guangxi, South China

The oldest bryozoan reefs: a unique Early Ordovician skeletal framework construction

Environmental controls on the development of Mississippian microbial carbonate mounds and platform limestones in southern Montagne Noire (France)

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