Youth mental health service preferences and utilization patterns among Latinx caregivers

Vázquez, Alejandro; Alvarez, María de la Caridad; Flores, Cynthia M. Navarro; Vera, José Manuel González; Barrett, Tyson S.; Rodríguez, Melanie M. Domenech

doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.106258

Cited by 12 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Survey panels include individuals that have registered to be contacted regarding research opportunities on an ongoing basis. This sampling method allows researchers to quickly gather data on a national scale from a target population at a reasonable cost (i.e., $12.50 per participant; Vázquez et al, 2021a). Research has found that survey panels yield high quality data comparable to traditional survey administration practices when validation methods are used (i.e., in-person paper and pencil; Lowry et al 2016).…”

Section: Procedures and Sample Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric Evaluation of a Barriers to Mental Health Treatment Questionnaire for Latina/o/x Caregivers of Children and Adolescents

Vázquez

Culianos

Flores

et al. 2021

Child Youth Care Forum

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Background Knowledge regarding barriers faced by Latina/o/x caregivers in accessing youth mental health services (MHS) have largely depended on resource intensive interviewbased assessments. Objective We evaluated a questionnaire for Latina/o/x caregivers of youths that presents a briefer and more feasible alternative. Method We conducted a psychometric evaluation of the Barriers to Treatment Questionnaire -Latina/o/x Caregivers (BTQ-LC) with a sample of 598 Latina/o/x caregivers from across the United States. Descriptive statistics and confirmatory factor analyses were used to identify common barriers to services, confirm the factor structure of the scale, and establish construct validity. Results Descriptive statistics suggest that not knowing where and how to access services, and normalization of youth psychopathology were the most frequently reported barriers among caregivers of youth with clinically elevated problems on the CBCL. Confirmatory factor analysis suggests that the BTQ-LC was best represented by a three-factor structure:(1) structural, (2) perceptions regarding mental health problems, and (3) services. Our finding suggest that the BTQ-LC could also be used as a single factor as fit indices ranged from acceptable to poor. BTQ-LC scales were all negatively correlated with the utilization of common youth MHS (i.e., psychological counseling, medical doctors, school professionals). Conclusions The BTQ-LC represents an important step towards improving our understanding and assessment of barriers to services contributing to mental health disparities among Latina/o/x youths.

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Section: Procedures and Sample Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric Evaluation of a Barriers to Mental Health Treatment Questionnaire for Latina/o/x Caregivers of Children and Adolescents

Vázquez

Culianos

Flores

et al. 2021

Child Youth Care Forum

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“…Responses were yes (1) or no (0). Prior research using the Pathways to Latinx Mental Health data has established the construct validity of the CSSQ, as caregivers of youths with clinically elevated mental health problems were generally more likely to report service use on CSSQ items relative to those with subclinical youths (Vázquez, Alvarez, et al, 2021; Vázquez, Navarro Flores, et al, 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to accessing telepsychology services questionnaire: Structure and language-based performance in a sample of Latinx caregivers.

Vázquez,

Domenech Rodríguez,

Cadenas

et al. 2024

Psychological Services

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A lack of validated measures to examine barriers to youth telepsychology services among Latinx families limits research that could identify targets for reducing mental health disparities. We developed and validated the Latinx Barriers to Accessing Telepsychology Services (Latinx BATS) questionnaire, a brief multidimensional measure for caregivers of youths. Participants included 511 Latinx caregivers of youths Ages 6–18 (English n = 275, Spanish n = 236) who completed the Latinx BATS and reported on telepsychology service utilization and youth mental health problems. Caregivers whose youths had clinically elevated mental health problems were more likely to report barriers to accessing youth telepsychology services compared to nonclinical youths. Commonly endorsed barriers included concerns that the child would be distracted and not get much benefit, and that providers would be unfamiliar with the family’s culture or would not pick up on nuances and emotions. Loadings from an exploratory graph analysis returned four-factors: relational, acceptability, quality, and access concerns. Network centrality measures identified provider knowledge regarding community resources and Latinx culture as important targets for reducing barriers to youth telepsychology services. Confirmatory factor analyses were then conducted and found that the four-factor structure outperformed a single-factor solution. The four-factor structure was similar for the English and Spanish versions of the Latinx BATS, but the strength of item loadings varied across languages. Implications for the use of the Latinx BATS in research and clinical practice are discussed including specific strategies for reducing these obstacles to care among Latinx families.

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“…As acculturation level is known to impact perception of youth problems and related helpseeking behavior among Latinx caregivers (Galvan & Gudiño, 2021), research is needed to determine whether the relationship between youth mental health problems and caregiver affiliate stigma is moderated by acculturation level. The YASS may also help researchers determine whether youth MHS delivered in naturalist settings like primary care, schools, telepsychology, or mobile health apps are associated with less affiliate stigma relative to traditional outpatient services (Vázquez et al, 2021a(Vázquez et al, , 2021b. Future research could also use the YASS to examine potential racial/ethnic differences in caregiver affiliate stigma.…”

Section: Implication For Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present study used data collected as part of the Pathways to Latinx Mental Health (PLMH) study, which sought to identify targets for increasing mental health service parity among Latinx youths. The first phase of PLMH focused on youth mental health service utilization patterns and related correlates among Latinx families (Vázquez et al, 2021a). Data for the present study were collected as part of the second phase of the PLMH study, which focused on understanding perceptual factors associated with help-seeking behaviors among Latinx caregivers of youths ages 6-18 (e.g., mental health etiologies, stigma, methods of coping).…”

Section: Participants and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We then explored potential relationships between youth mental health problems (i.e., internalizing and externalizing) and dimensions of affiliate stigma to better contextualize factors impacting Latinx caregivers’ help-seeking behaviors. A comprehensive understanding of barriers to help-seeking may aid efforts seeking to identify targets for improving access to youth MHS among Latinx families (Galvan et al, 2022; Vázquez et al, 2021a).…”

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confidence: 99%

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La vergüenza [the shame]: Measuring affiliate stigma associated with youth mental health problems among Latinx caregivers.

Vázquez¹,

Rodríguez²,

Flores³

et al. 2024

Journal of Latinx Psychology

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Affiliate stigma or internalized shame among family of individuals with stigmatizing conditions, may be an important factor influencing help-seeking behaviors among Latinx caregivers of youth with mental health problems. The Affiliate Stigma Scale assesses Affect, Behavior, and Cognitive dimensions of stigma from caring for adults with intellectual disabilities. Among Latinxs, this scale has been adapted as a unidimensional measure of stigma from caring for a child with developmental disabilities and has been used to study resulting parenting stress and caregiver mental health problems. Research has yet to adapt this measure to examine multiple dimensions of affiliate stigma that Latinx caregivers may experience in response to youth emotional and/or behavioral problem. We sampled 511 (English = 275, Spanish = 236) Latinx caregivers and confirmed the factor structure of an adapted English-and Spanishlanguage Youth Affiliate Stigma Scale (YASS; ages 6-18), which specifically inquiries about caregiver stigma related to youth emotional or behavioral problems. Confirmatory factor analyses suggests that the measurement structure is best represented by the original three-factor solution. The similar measurement structure in both English and Spanish versions also suggests that YASS latent factors could be used across both language versions. All three dimensions of the YASS were associated with youth internalizing and externalizing problems. However, findings suggest externalizing problems may be particularly stigmatizing for Latinx caregivers. The YASS may improve our understanding of perceptual barrier to youth mental health services that could represent a fruitful point of intervention to address disparities within this group. This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers.This article is intended solely for the personal use of the individual user and is not to be disseminated broadly.

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Youth mental health service preferences and utilization patterns among Latinx caregivers

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

Psychometric Evaluation of a Barriers to Mental Health Treatment Questionnaire for Latina/o/x Caregivers of Children and Adolescents

Psychometric Evaluation of a Barriers to Mental Health Treatment Questionnaire for Latina/o/x Caregivers of Children and Adolescents

Barriers to accessing telepsychology services questionnaire: Structure and language-based performance in a sample of Latinx caregivers.

La vergüenza [the shame]: Measuring affiliate stigma associated with youth mental health problems among Latinx caregivers.

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