Yy Chromosomes and Antisocial Behaviour

Testosterone excretion rates in normal males and males with an XYY complement.

“…) in this hospital had an XYY chromosome constitution. This very high incidence in an over-6 ft. group was confirmed in a special hospital for the subnormal (Casey et al, 1966). Apart from their tall stature no other abnormality has been detected in these XYY males.…”

“…Of these 15, 9 were shown to be XYY constituted (Group 1) (Casey et al, 1966). The rem g 6 subjects had a normal XY complement (Group 2).…”

Chromosome surveys in penal institutions and approved schools.

“…or more in height. (The present study was given further impetus by reports of the finding of 47,XYY males in increased numbers among the tall inmates of prisons in England (Casey et al, 1966), Australia (Wiener et al, 1968), and the U.S.A. (Goodman and Smith, 1967), and among tall boys in an English approved school (Hunter, 1968)). …”

“…

In 1965 it was shown that men with an additional Y chromosome were found in unusually large numbers in the Scottish State Hospital (Jacobs et al), and this observation was substantiated by a similar finding in the English Special Hospitals (Casey et al, 1966) and among the inmates of comparable institutions in France (Noel et al, 1969). As the previous histories of more than half of the men with a 47,XYY constitution identified in the Scottish State Hospital had included periods of training in approved schools and borstal institutions and periods of imprisonment, it was decided to investigate the cytogenetic status of males in these establishments.

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Human Genetics

“…(248) and Casey et a1. (53). There are a number of reports of normal males who are XYY, but this complement appears to carry significant risk of behavioral problems.…”