Z-Scheme Photocatalysts for the Reduction of Carbon Dioxide: Recent Advances and Perspectives

Two-Dimensional Layered Heterojunctions for Photoelectrocatalysis

“…7 Being independent from external power sources, a photocatalyst needs to have the suitable band structure, charge carrier mobility, and chemical stability under a light source for specific catalytic reactions. 8 While relying entirely on solar energy, the current efficiency of pure photocatalysis falls short of meeting the practical application requirements. Therefore, PEC turns out as a more versatile strategy that combines a clean energy source while also ensuring high reaction efficiency.…”

“…Photocatalytic devices involve only a photocatalyst, light source, and reaction chamber, making them easier to implement and operate . Being independent from external power sources, a photocatalyst needs to have the suitable band structure, charge carrier mobility, and chemical stability under a light source for specific catalytic reactions . While relying entirely on solar energy, the current efficiency of pure photocatalysis falls short of meeting the practical application requirements.…”

Defect-Mediated Cu–S Pair Active Sites Modulating Proton Supply to Facilitate Overall CO2 Photoreduction with H2O

“…Converting CO 2 with H 2 O into value-added chemicals through artificial photosynthesis is a promising solution for alleviating climate warming and energy shortage simultaneously. − As known, the overall CO 2 photoreduction with H 2 O is a proton-coupled multiple electron transfer (PCET)-involved complex surface–interface reaction process. It generally comprises the formation, separation, and transportation of photogenerated carriers in both the bulk and surface region of photocatalysts, the adsorption and activation of the reactant molecules, and the subsequent reactions between various adsorbed species on the surface of photocatalysts. , However, it suffers from far-fetched CO 2 conversion efficiency and poor product selectivity owing to insufficient light absorption, serious charge carriers recombination of photocatalysts, as well as huge thermodynamic and kinetic challenges of the complicated and coupled CO 2 and H 2 O conversion processes on the surface, which hampers its progress for practical applications. Obviously, all of these processes are highly correlated to the surface structure of photocatalysts.…”