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Why female science, technology, engineering, and mathematics majors do not identify with physics: They do not think others see them that way

“…Competency belief has been a central focus in thousands of educational studies, and it has been frequently found to predict students' performance even after controlling for their prior knowledge [58,59]. Students' competency beliefs have also been found to be related to career goals and enrollment in STEM courses [60], as well as the level of persistence in their academic track and long term goals [36,61]. Equally importantly, recent studies of competency beliefs have shown large gender differences in physics (i.e., female students with lower average competency belief than male students) [7,8,[42][43][44][45].…”

Career Development of Upper Primary School Students in Turkey

“…Yet, according to Gottfredson (1996Gottfredson ( , 2002, 9-to 13-year-old students will be in a period when they are aware of the status and income levels of careers and of the related living styles. Lapan, Adams, Turner, & Hinkelman (2000) determined that 7th-grade students were interested in careers and liked talking about the social status and income that careers offer. In addition, Walls (2000) and Helwig (2001) discovered that students started to think more about the duration of education and the monetary value and status of careers in 9th grade.…”

We can do it, but I wouldn't like it: Gender, interests, and occupational perceptions

“…Lapan, Adams, Turner, and Hinkelman (2000) explored the perceptions of gender differences in occupations held by a sample of seventh graders. They also explored the interests and efficacy ratings of the students themselves.…”