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Torelli, Anna; Trotta, Antonio; Acerbi, L.; Arcidiacono, G.; Berta, Graziella; Branca, C.

doi:10.1023/a:1026430019738

Cited by 94 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…When the ecological parameters were analyzed, such as mutual association success (AMF colonization) and flowering, a greater number of flowers were present on AMF-treated tomato plants compared to that of the SE-treated tomato plants. Flowering is driven by the requirements for carbon and nutrients and phytohormones, which may be affected by AMF (Torelli et al, 2000;Boldt et al, 2011). The AMF accelerated flowering and fruit production but also increased the amino acid concentration in the fruits, especially that of glutamine and asparagine (Salvioli et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological, Ecological, and Biochemical Implications in Tomato Plants of Two Plant Biostimulants: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Seaweed Extract

et al. 2020

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological, Ecological, and Biochemical Implications in Tomato Plants of Two Plant Biostimulants: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Seaweed Extract

et al. 2020

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“…Fitze et al (2005) found an increase of IAA in maize after 20 and 30 days after AMF inoculation. However, there are other studies that reported that IAA does not change with AMF inoculation (Torelli et al 2000;Shaul-Keinan et al 2002).…”

Section: Plant Hormones (Aba and Iaa)mentioning

confidence: 90%

Increased arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization reduces yield loss of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under drought

et al. 2020

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Drought reduces the availability of soil water and the mobility of nutrients, thereby limiting the growth and productivity of rice. Under drought, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) increase P uptake and sustain rice growth. However, we lack knowledge of how the AMF symbiosis contributes to drought tolerance of rice. In the greenhouse, we investigated mechanisms of AMF symbiosis that confer drought tolerance, such as enhanced nutrient uptake, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll fluorescence, and hormonal balance (abscisic acid (ABA) and indole acetic acid (IAA)). Two greenhouse pot experiments comprised three factors in a full factorial design with two AMF treatments (low-and high-AMF colonization), two water treatments (well-watered and drought), and three rice varieties. Soil water potential was maintained at 0 kPa in the well-watered treatment. In the drought treatment, we reduced soil water potential to − 40 kPa in experiment 1 (Expt 1) and to − 80 kPa in experiment 2 (Expt 2). Drought reduced shoot and root dry biomass and grain yield of rice in both experiments. The reduction of grain yield was less with higher AMF colonization. Plants with higher AMF colonization showed higher leaf P concentrations than plants with lower colonization in Expt 1, but not in Expt 2. Plants with higher AMF colonization exhibited higher stomatal conductance and chlorophyll fluorescence than plants with lower colonization, especially under drought. Drought increased the levels of ABA and IAA, and AMF colonization also resulted in higher levels of IAA. The results suggest both nutrient-driven and plant hormone-driven pathways through which AMF confer drought tolerance to rice.

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“…Morphogenetic effects of AMF on the root system, dependent or not by P, are probably mediated by changes in hormone synthesis, transport or sensitivity. Altered levels of auxin (Kaldorf and Ludwig-Müller 2000;Torelli et al 2000), cytokinin (Barker and Tagu 2000;Torelli et al 2000), ethylene (Vierheilig et al 1994) and gibberellins (Shaul-Keinan et al 2002) have all been reported in mycorrhizal plants. However, other more specific aspects of the mycorrhizal interaction may be influenced by hormones.…”

Section: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (Am) Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant root growth, architecture and function

Hodge¹,

Berta²,

Doussan³

et al. 2009

Plant Soil

623

400

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Without roots there would be no rhizosphere and no rhizodeposition to fuel microbial activity. Although micro-organisms may view roots merely as a source of carbon supply this belies the fascinating complexity and diversity of root systems that occurs despite their common function. Here, we examine the physiological and genetic determinants of root growth and the complex, yet varied and flexible, root architecture that results. The main functions of root systems are also explored including how roots cope with nutrient acquisition from the heterogeneous soil environment and their ability to form mutualistic associations with key soil microorganisms (such as nitrogen fixing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi) to aid them in their quest for nutrients. Finally, some key biotic and abiotic constraints on root development and function in the soil environment are examined and some of the adaptations roots have evolved to counter such stresses discussed.Keywords Root systems . Auxin . Root architecture . Soil heterogeneity . Abiotic and biotic stresses . Soil micro-organisms (including nitrogen-fixing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi)Physiological and genetic determinants of root growth and achitecture A major difference between plant and animal development is that positional information rather than cell lineage determines cell fate in plants (Singh and Bhalla 2006). Post-embryonically, plant development is essentially driven by stem cells localized in apical regions of shoots and roots, and referred to as apical meristems. This particular characteristic allows plants, Plant Soil (

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Untitled

Cited by 94 publications

References 34 publications

Physiological, Ecological, and Biochemical Implications in Tomato Plants of Two Plant Biostimulants: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Seaweed Extract

Physiological, Ecological, and Biochemical Implications in Tomato Plants of Two Plant Biostimulants: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Seaweed Extract

Increased arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization reduces yield loss of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under drought

Plant root growth, architecture and function

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