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Daly, John W.; Garraffo, H. Martin; Jain, Poonam; Spande, Thomas F.; Snelling, Roy R.; Jaramillo, César A.; Rand, A. Stanley

doi:10.1023/a:1005437427326

Cited by 92 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Dendrobatids exhibit great interspecific variation in the concentrations of some alkaloids present in their skin, as do natural populations within a species (5). Variations in toxin levels among frog populations have been attributed to different diets because it has been established that laboratory-reared frogs sequester ingested alkaloids (6) and that compounds identical to those observed in free-ranging frogs occur in potential arthropod prey (7).…”

Section: ϫ3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian chemical defense: Toxic birds not of a feather

Weldon

2000

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Section: ϫ3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian chemical defense: Toxic birds not of a feather

Weldon

2000

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Experiments have shown that at least two poison frog species derive alkaloids from ants, and that Dendrobates auratus can sequester certain alkaloids (allopumiliotoxins and izidines) from food supplements (37). When raised on fruit flies, captive Phyllobates, Dendrobates, and Epipedobates tricolor lose much of their toxicity (38,39). Nonetheless, despite the demonstration of alkaloid sequestration, the source of the most biologically active alkaloids; i.e., batrachotoxins, histrionicotoxins, epibatidine, and others, remains unknown (18).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple, recurring origins of aposematism and diet specialization in poison frogs

Santos

Coloma

Cannatella

2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

275

286

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Aposematism is the association, in a prey organism, of the presence of a warning signal with unprofitability to predators. The origin of aposematism is puzzling, because of its predicted low probability of establishment in a population due to the prey's increased conspicuousness. Aposematism is a widespread trait in invertebrate taxa, but, in vertebrates, it is mostly evident in amphibians, reptiles, and fishes. Poison frogs (Dendrobatidae) are one of the most well known examples of the co-occurrence of warning coloration and toxicity. This monophyletic group of mostly diurnal leaf-litter Neotropical anurans has both toxic͞colorful and palatable͞cryptic species. Previous studies suggested a single origin of toxicity and warning coloration, dividing the family in two discrete groups of primitively cryptic and more derived aposematic frogs. Recent molecular phylogenetic analyses using mostly aposematic taxa supported this conclusion and proposed a single tandem origin of toxicity and conspicuous warning coloration. By using expanded taxon and character sampling, we reexamined the phylogenetic correlation between the origins of toxicity and warning coloration. At least four or five independent origins of aposematism have occurred within poison frogs; by using simulations, we rejected hypotheses of one, two, or three origins of aposematism (P < 0.002). We also found that diet specialization is linked with the evolution of aposematism. Specialization on prey, such as ants and termites, may have evolved independently at least two times.

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“…Dendrobatid and bufonid frogs and coccinellid beetles all share precoccinelline (193C), suggesting that these beetles represent a dietary source of this coccinelline-like tricyclic alkaloid and others like it (1,13,16,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). Poison-dart frogs, genus Phyllobates of the Neotropics, contain highly toxic steroidal alkaloids, the batrachotoxins (22), as do passerine birds (23)(24) and putative dietary melyrid beetles of Papua New Guinea (25); all are brightly colored.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Poison frogs and Neotropical ants of the subfamily Myrmicinae share several classes of alkaloids, including 2,5-disubstituted (ds) pyrrolidines, 2,6-ds piperidines, 3,5-ds pyrrolizidines, 3,5-ds indolizidines, 4,6-ds quinolizidines, and 2,5-ds decahydroquinolines (1,13,16,27). Reports of alkaloids from African ants are limited to the subfamily Myrmicinae: 2,5-dialkylpyrrolidines and 1-pyrrolines were detected in Monomorium in South Africa and Kenya (28), and substituted pyrazine alkaloids detected in Eutetramorium mocquerysi, a genus endemic to Madagascar (29).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%