Zarit Burden Interview: pragmatic study in a dedicated cognitive function clinic

Abstract

Increased caregiver burden impacts adversely not only on caregivers, in terms of physical and psychological morbidity, but also on people with dementia, since it is associated with an increased likelihood of patient institutionalisation. Here, the authors examine effectiveness and ease of administration of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) tool in day‐to‐day clinical practice for identifying caregiver burden.

Family Support Groups for family members of mentally ill offenders: a pilot study

“…Although we have found statistically significant results based on the scores of the ZBI, no norm scores are available, which questions the clinical significance of the results. Yet, when comparing the total burden score to that reported in other research, the population of our study showed moderate burden scores (Stagg & Larner, 2015).…”

Integrating Caregiver Support into Multiple Sclerosis Care

“…Although anxiety was not statistically or clinically significant, caregivers exhibited a similar pattern as for depression, showing an average mild anxiety score on the GAD-7 at baseline (range 5-9) and dropping below mild anxiety at follow-up [26]. Burden was not statistically or clinically significant and did not approach the clinical cut point of the ZBI-12, which is 17 for severe burden [35]. For caregiver outcomes relating to providing care for their loved one, caregivers showed statistically (푝 = .043), and clinically (푑 = 0.41) significant improvement in bother with behaviors and clinically (푑 = 0.33) but not statistically significant improvement in number of challenging MS behaviors.…”

Cognitive screening instruments for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment

“…This was also true for AD8, an informant-based CSI (Table 2b), but not on either version of the ZBI, scores on which are recognised not to correlate with performance-based CSIs. 26 Likewise, examining the null hypotheses that scores did not differ significantly between patients with MCI and patients with SMC (see Table 3) was rejected for all the short performance-based CSIs examined (MMSE, MMP, MoCA, TYM, M-ACE, 6CIT; Table 3a); only a trend was evident for AD8 for this differential diagnosis (Table 3b).…”

“…24 Where appropriate, data from pragmatic studies of informant-based screeni n g i n s t r u m e n t s w e r e a l s o included, 25,26 specifically AD8, 27 and the short and screening versions of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), 28,29 which has been examined as a possible informant-based CSI. 26 Study details (setting, sample size, prevalence of dementia and MCI in the case mix, sex ratio, age range) are shown in Table 1.…”

“…The datasets from several pragmatic prospective diagnostic test accuracy studies undertaken in the author's clinic were used, [13][14][15][16][17][18] which examined the following short performance-based CSIs: the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE); 19 Mini-Mental Parkinson (MMP) 20 used as a general CSI; Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA); 21 Test Your Memory (TYM) test; 22 Mini-Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (M-ACE), 23 and the Six-item Cognitive Impairment Test (6CIT). 24 Where appropriate, data from pragmatic studies of informant-based screeni n g i n s t r u m e n t s w e r e a l s o included, 25,26 specifically AD8, 27 and the short and screening versions of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), 28,29 which has been examined as a possible informant-based CSI. 26 Study details (setting, sample size, prevalence of dementia and MCI in the case mix, sex ratio, age range) are shown in Table 1.…”