Zeolite synthesis from paper sludge ash at low temperature (90°C) with addition of diatomite

Wajima, Takaaki; Haga, Mioko; Kuzawa, Keiko; Ishimoto, Hiroji; Tamada, Osamu; Ito, Kazuhiko; Nishiyama, Takashi; Downs, Robert T.; Rakovan, John

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.09.045

Cited by 90 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The condition to prepare a novel adsorbent with the ability to simultaneously remove NH 4 + and PO 4 3-from PS set in reference to my previous studies [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] various temperatures from 200 to 1000 °C for 6 h at a heating rate of 10 °C/min in an electric furnace under an air atmosphere. It was then cooled to room temperature to obtain the calcined PS samples.…”

Section: Preparation Of Adsorbentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some products from the ash indicate simultaneous removal ability of NH 4 + and PO 4 3-, due to the zeolitic phases and amorphous calcium aluminosilicate hydrate (CASH) phases synthesized by alkali treatment, respectively [13][14][15][16][17] . The product can be used for water purification such as farm wastewater, (xxx) agricultural wastewater and domestic sewage, which contains high nutrients such as NH 4 + and PO 4 3-, and it can then be reused as a derived material for planting or agricultural soil 18,19) , because it is normally extremely low in potentially toxic components among industrial wastes [20][21][22] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation of Zeolitic Material with the Ability to Simultaneous Remove NH4+ and PO43^|^minus; from Paper Sludge using Calcination and Alkali Treatment

Wajima¹

2014

J.I.E.

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Paper sludge (PS) was converted into a novel zeolitic material with the ability to simultaneously remove NH 4 + and PO 4 3-from an aqueous solution using calcination and alkali treatment. The sludge was calcined at 200-1000 °C for 6 h to have PO 4 3-removal ability, and was then converted into a zeolitic material upon reaction with a 1 -4 M NaOH solution at 80 °C to have NH 4 + removal ability. Also, the both removal abilities of the product was tried to improve using diatomite during the alkali reaction. Without the addition of diatomite, hydroxysodalite and katoite were obtained in the product, and with the addition of diatomite, zeolite-P appeared in the product. The product from the calcined PS with diatomite has a higher NH 4 + removal ability than those calcined without diatomite, and the product obtained from the 2 M NaOH solution with addition of diatomite has a high removal ability because of the zeolite-P phase in the product. On the other hand, regardless of diatomite addition or NaOH concentration the product from the PS calcined at 800 °C had a high PO 4 3-removal ability due to the present of active sites to remove PO 4 3-. The observed concentrations of Si, Al and Ca in the solutions during the reaction explain the crystallization behavior of these phases. The product synthesized from the PS calcined at 800 °C in 2 M NaOH solution with the addition of diatomite was able to simultaneously remove NH 4 + and PO 4 3-from the aqueous solution.

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Section: Preparation Of Adsorbentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Zeolitic Material with the Ability to Simultaneous Remove NH4+ and PO43^|^minus; from Paper Sludge using Calcination and Alkali Treatment

Wajima¹

2014

J.I.E.

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“…The end products were examined by XRD and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) (SU-70, HITACHI). The CEC of the products was measured by the method reported by Wajima et al 27) The relative crystallinities of the zeolites in the products were calculated by the method reported by Machado and Miotto. 30) Hydroxysodalite and zeolite-P prepared by the procedure reported by Kato et al 31) were used as standards.…”

Section: Zeolite Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to its properties, diatomite dissolves easily in basic solutions. In our previous study, PSA was added to NaOH solution with high Si content extracted from diatomite, and converted into products with high CEC, including zeolite-P. 27) In addition, Ca 2+ contained in the original ash was shown to react with phosphoric acid to form apatite-like materials, removing PO 4 3¹ from the solution. 28) We thus obtained a material suitable for water purification, which contained zeolite phases and soluble Ca in the product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Zeolitic Material from Paper Sludge Ash Using Diatomite

Wajima

Munakata

2012

Mater. Trans.

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Paper sludge ash (PSA) was partially converted into zeolites by reaction with 3 M NaOH solution at 90°C for 24 h. The PSA had a low abundance of Si and significant Ca content, due to the presence of calcite that was used as paper filler. Diatomite, which contains amorphous silica and dissolves easily in alkali solution, was mixed with the ash, and then added to the NaOH solution to increase its Si content during alkali reaction and thus synthesize zeolites with high cation exchange capacity (CEC). The original ash without addition of diatomite yielded hydroxysodalite with CEC ca. 0.5 mmol/g. Addition of diatomite to the ash yielded zeolite-P with a higher CEC (ca. 1 mmol/g). The observed concentrations of Si and Al in the solution during the reaction explain the crystallization of these two phases. The reaction products were tested for their adsorption capacity for nutrients from liquid fertilizer, such as K + , NH 4 + and PO 4 3¹ . The product with zeolite-P exhibits high ability to adsorb these nutrients from liquid fertilizer, which is desirable for application in soil improvement.

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“…17,18) One of the waste stone cakes, sandstone cake, mainly composed of quartz, feldspar, and calcite, having high content of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 . However, since most of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 are in crystalline phases, it is difficult to dissolve into alkali solution by hydrothermal reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Zeolite X from Waste Sandstone Cake Using Alkali Fusion Method

et al. 2008

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During quarrying, waste stone cake is discharged as industrial waste. In this study, we attempted to convert waste sandstone cake to zeolitic materials using alkali fusion method. By varying the experimental conditions different types of the product were obtained, e.g. zeolite-X, zeolite-P, hydroxysodalite, tobermorite, and nepheline. The siliceous minerals in the cake were transformed into soluble phases, while calcite remains in the solid after 24-agitation following alkali fusion. The optimum condition of zeolite-X synthesis in the product is that the mixed ratio of NaOH to the cake is 1.6, fusion temperature is 600 C, and heating time at 80 C is less than 12 h. The results of the sorption experiments suggest that the product can be applied in environmental field such as the removal of pollutant.

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Zeolite synthesis from paper sludge ash at low temperature (90°C) with addition of diatomite

Cited by 90 publications

References 20 publications

Preparation of Zeolitic Material with the Ability to Simultaneous Remove NH4+ and PO43^|^minus; from Paper Sludge using Calcination and Alkali Treatment

Preparation of Zeolitic Material with the Ability to Simultaneous Remove NH4+ and PO43^|^minus; from Paper Sludge using Calcination and Alkali Treatment

Synthesis of Zeolitic Material from Paper Sludge Ash Using Diatomite

Synthesis of Zeolite X from Waste Sandstone Cake Using Alkali Fusion Method

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