Zika virus shedding in the stool and infection through the anorectal mucosa in mice

Li, Chunfeng; Deng, Yong-Qiang; Zu, Shulong; Quanquin, Natalie; Shang, Jingzhe; Tian, Min; Ji, Xue; Zhang, Nana; Dong, Hao-Long; Xu, Yan‐Peng; Zhao, Liang; Zhang, Fuchun; Li, Xiaofeng; Wu, Aiping; Cheng, Genhong; Qin, Cheng‐Feng

doi:10.1038/s41426-018-0170-6

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…ZIKV also replicates in the female reproductive tract depending on the immunocompromised status of the females and timing of infection relative to the estrus cycle, having been detected in uterine tissue, ovaries and vaginal washes [95,[105][106][107]. Mice challenged by the anorectal route are also susceptible to infection, with virus detected in multiple organs, including the testes, indicating that anal intercourse is a possible mode of ZIKV transmission [108,109].…”

Section: Zika Virus: Mouse Models To Study Sexual Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Transmission of Arboviruses: A Systematic Review

Blitvich

Magalhães

Laredo-Tiscareño

et al. 2020

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are primarily maintained in nature in transmission cycles between hematophagous arthropods and vertebrate hosts, but an increasing number of arboviruses have been isolated from or indirectly detected in the urogenital tract and sexual secretions of their vertebrate hosts, indicating that further investigation on the possibility of sexual transmission of these viruses is warranted. The most widely recognized sexually-transmitted arbovirus is Zika virus but other arboviruses, including Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus and dengue virus, might also be transmitted, albeit occasionally, by this route. This review summarizes our current understanding on the ability of arboviruses to be sexually transmitted. We discuss the sexual transmission of arboviruses between humans and between vertebrate animals, but not arthropod vectors. Every taxonomic group known to contain arboviruses (Asfarviridae, Bunyavirales, Flaviviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, Reoviridae, Rhabdoviridae and Togaviridae) is covered.

show abstract

Section: Zika Virus: Mouse Models To Study Sexual Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Transmission of Arboviruses: A Systematic Review

Blitvich

Magalhães

Laredo-Tiscareño

et al. 2020

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…ZIKV has been detected in rectal swab samples (35) and in a stool sample from an acutely infected patient (36). In vivo, intrarectal inoculation with ZIKV in rhesus and cynomolgus macaques leads to detectable viremic levels 21 days postinoculation and with seroconversion (37).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Zika Virus Mucosal Infection Provides Protective Immunity

Martínez

García

Contreras

et al. 2020

J Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a major human pathogen. ZIKV can replicate in female and male reproductive organs, thus facilitating the human-human transmission cycle. Viral shedding in the semen can increase the risk of ZIKV transmission through sexual mode. Therefore, the vaginal and anorectal mucosa are relevant sites for ZIKV infection. However, the pathobiology of ZIKV transmission through the rectal route is not well understood. Here, we utilize a mouse model system to investigate the immunopathological consequences following ZIKV infection of the rectal mucosa compared to a subcutaneous route of infection. We show that ZIKV-rectal inoculation results in viremia with subclinical infection. ZIKV infects the mucosal epithelium and submucosal dendritic cells, inducing immune and inflammatory cell infiltration. Rectal transmission of ZIKV resulted in the generation of serum-neutralizing antibody responses. Mass cytometry analyses of splenocytes showed a significantly reduced level of inflammatory monocyte and neutrophil cellular responses in the rectal route group. Furthermore, immunological priming through the rectal mucosa with an attenuated ZIKV strain resulted in significant protection from lethal subcutaneous ZIKV challenge, further eliciting robust memory CD4-positive (CD4+) and CD8+ T-cell and ZIKV-specific serum-neutralizing antibody responses. Thus, our study provides deeper immunopathobiological insights on rectal transmission and highlights a rational strategy for mucosal immunization. This model system recapitulates clinical aspects of human ZIKV disease outcome, where most infections are well controlled and result in subclinical and asymptomatic outcomes. IMPORTANCE Zika virus is a clinically significant human pathogen that is primarily transmitted and spread by Aedes species mosquitoes but is also sexually transmissible. The recent pandemic in the Americas led to an unprecedented increase of newborn babies with developmental brain and eye abnormalities. To date, there is no licensed vaccine or therapeutic intervention available for the fight against ZIKV. Understanding the sexual transmission of ZIKV through vaginal and rectal routes is necessary to restrict virus transmission and spread. This study examines the early immunological and pathological consequences of rectal and subcutaneous routes of ZIKV infection using a mouse model. We characterized the primary target cells of ZIKV infection and the subsequent mucosal immune responses to infection, and we demonstrate the protective effect of mucosal rectal immunization using an attenuated ZIKV strain. This mucosal vaccination approach can be further developed to prevent future ZIKV outbreaks.

show abstract

“…Moreover, susceptibility of macaques to ZIKV infection after intragastric inoculation suggested other entry sites for ZIKV such as the intestinal epithelium (Deng et al, 2017). Indeed, ZIKV was recently found to be transmissible via intra-anal route through the anorectal mucosa (Li et al, 2018) after sexual intercourse, but no study explored the role of the small intestine in the context of oral exposure. Here, we found that ZIKV was efficiently able to be transmitted to A129 mouse offsprings via oral route, leading to a systemic infection (64%) with a high associated mortality (78%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%