Zilpaterol—a new focus of concern in residue analysis

Stachel, Carolin S.; Radeck, W.; Gowik, Petra

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(03)00863-8

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…The first instrumental analysis used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to measure zilpaterol in feeds and tissues (Bocca, Fiori, Cartoni, & Brambilla, 2003). Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric (LC-MS) methods were later reported for zilpaterol in urine, feces and tissues (Stachel, Radeck, & Gowik, 2003;Van Hoof et al, 2005) without derivatisation. However, these methods required intensive, timeconsuming cleanup procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunochemical-based zilpaterol measurement and validation in urine and tissues

Shelver¹,

Smith²

2011

Food and Agricultural Immunology

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Because of abuse potential of the feed-additive zilpaterol, a need exists for rapid, sensitive and specific analyses. Polyclonal and monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were developed and their usefulness for agricultural applications explored. Immunobiosensor formats were developed for both monoclonal and polyclonal zilpaterol antibodies. Zilpaterol ELISA and immunobiosensor were tested by measuring tissue and urinary concentrations from sheep treated with zilpaterol for 10 days. The study demonstrated that sheep eliminated zilpaterol rapidly. A zilpaterol study in horses demonstrated that urinary zilpaterol in horses was initially much higher than in other species and that urinary zilpaterol depleted in a biphasic manner. Zilpaterol was detectable using either ELISA or ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-TQ-MS/ MS) after 21 days of withdrawal in horses. These studies demonstrated that the ELISA procedure was rapid and was in good agreement with instrumental methods while the biosensor method provided greater precision than the ELISA procedure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunochemical-based zilpaterol measurement and validation in urine and tissues

Shelver¹,

Smith²

2011

Food and Agricultural Immunology

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“…Clean‐up methods described for LC‐MS analysis of BAAs are mainly based on mixed phase SPE 73–81. These SPE procedures have been found to be selective not only for BAAs but also for other basic drugs.…”

Section: Beta Adrenergic Agonists (Group A5) and Their Analysis With mentioning

confidence: 99%

Past, present and future of mass spectrometry in the analysis of residues of banned substances in meat‐producing animals

et al. 2007

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A residue is a trace (µg kg −1 , ng kg −1 ) of a substance, present in a matrix. Banned substances, such as growth promoters, which are abused in animal fattening and where this article is focused on, may be divided into four major groups: thyreostats, anabolics or anabolic steroids, corticosteroids and beta-agonists or repartitioning agents. The combination of chromatographic techniques with mass spectrometry (GC-MS n , LC-MS n , etc.) plays a key role in the production of specific results in residue analysis. In this review, the past, present and future of mass spectrometry in this area are discussed in the light of the impact of these substances on human health and the reliable production of analytical results, ready for challenge in a court.

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“…Among these, a zilpaterol (ZPT) is a beta-adrenergic agonist which is used to a growth promoting agent for the livestock product (Verhoeckx et al, 2006). It was produced by Intervet and Merck who sell ZPT under the trade name Zilmax TM (Wikipedia, 2014;Stachel et al, 2003). ZPT is typically fed in the last 3 _ 6 weeks of cattle's lives, with a brief period (three days in the US) before death for withdrawal, which allows the drug to mostly leave the animal's tissues (Wikipedia, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%