Zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized using Hyssopus Officinalis L. Extract Induced oxidative stress and changes the expression of key genes involved in inflammatory and antioxidant Systems

Abstract

Background Recent advances in the synthesis of bioactive nanoparticles resulted in the discovery and introduction of new bioactive nanoparticles to the pharmaceutical industry. In this regard, this research is aimed to synthesize the zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using Hyssopus officinalis L. extract and to evaluate the safety of nanoparticles using Balb/C mice. Methods Forty male mice were divided into four groups and received 0, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of ZnO-NPs for thirty days. At the end of the experiment, blood sugar, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (A.S.T.), and alanine aminotransferase (A.L.T.) were determined. Furthermore, histopathological and oxidative stress biomarker analyses in liver and kidney tissues were performed. The changes in the major inflammatory- and antioxidant-related genes were determined. Results The results showed that blood sugar and creatinine reduced significantly (P < 0.05) when 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg ZnO-NPs were supplemented to the diet. The serum ALT and AST and lipid peroxidation in the liver and kidney tissues were increased significantly (p < 0.05) when 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg ZnO-NPs were supplemented to the diet. Supplementation of ZnO-NPs suppressed the expression of antioxidant-related genes (SOD and CAT) and up-regulated the inflammatory biomarkers (iNOS and TNF- α). The concentration of 200 mg/Kg nanoparticles indicated cellular degeneration and necrosis in the liver and kidney tissues. Conclusions Overall, it can be concluded that supplementation of ZnO-NPs synthesized using Hyssopus Officinalis L. extract in this study at 50 mg/kg or higher concentrations might be toxic to the mice.

Protective Effect of Vitamins A, E, and C on the Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induced Oxidative Stress Status in Kidney of Male Wistar Rats

“…In line with Rahimi et al (2022) and Yousef et al study (2019) [34,39], the ndings of the present study also revealed that treatment with ZnO-NPs led to decrease gene expression of SOD, GPX and CAT as well as activity of these enzymes in the kidneys. Considering that antioxidant enzymes play an important role in free radical and ROS elimination [40], so decrease in the expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes can be considered as one of the possible reasons for the increased levels of TOS and MDA in the ZnO-NPs-induced oxidative stress.…”

Therapeutic Potential of Green-Engineered ZnO Nanoparticles on Rotenone-Exposed D. melanogaster (Oregon R+): Unveiling Ameliorated Biochemical, Cellular, and Behavioral Parameters

“…Using the Debye–Scherrer equation, the average sizes of the biosynthesized UD-ZnO, MC-ZnO, and MK-ZnO NPs were determined to be 42, 45, and 41 nm, respectively, which revealed that the nanoparticles had a spherical crystal structure. Equivalent X-ray diffraction patterns were recorded in previous studies for the green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles [ 63 , 64 ].…”

Emerging Trends in the Application of Green Synthesized Biocompatible ZnO Nanoparticles for Translational Paradigm in Cancer Therapy

“…ZnO NPs were seen to reduce the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner in RAW 264.7 cells. ROS causes inflammation by initiating lipid peroxidation in the phospholipid membrane [169,170]. Controlling ROS formation, therefore, helps ZnO NP anti-inflammatory activity ZnO NPs reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory genes and proteins, allowing for the treatment of inflammatory illnesses.…”