Zinc oxide nanostructures–based biosensors

It has been proven that viral infections pose a serious hazard to humans and also affect social health, including morbidity and mental suffering, as illustrated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The early detection and isolation of virally infected people are, thus, required to control the spread of viruses. Due to the outstanding and unparalleled properties of nanomaterials, numerous biosensors were developed for the early detection of viral diseases via sensitive, minimally invasive, and simple procedures. To that aim, viral detection technologies based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are being developed as viable alternatives to existing diagnostic approaches. This article summarizes the advancements in CNT-based biosensors since the last decade in the detection of different human viruses, namely, SARS-CoV-2, dengue, influenza, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and hepatitis. Finally, the shortcomings and benefits of CNT-based biosensors for the detection of viruses are outlined and discussed.

show abstract

“… Classification of biosensors, based on analyte and transducer use (adapted with permission from Ref. [ 10 ]). …”

Section: Figures Schemes and Tablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decadal Journey of CNT-Based Analytical Biosensing Platforms in the Detection of Human Viruses

Sengupta¹,

Hussain

2022

Nanomaterials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The interaction of a bioreceptor with a bioanalyte results in a transduction signal that is fed to detector for a suitable response to be displayed. Hence, biosensors based on their transduction signals can be classified as electrochemical, piezoelectric, field-effect-transistors, thermometric, and optical detection biosensors [ 5 , 6 ]. Biosensors, especially as electrochemical sensors, have been in demand due to their quick detection and diagnosis of disease using specific biomarkers in the human body.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Nanofiber-Based Electrochemical Biosensors for Diagnostic Applications

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biosensors are analytical tools that can be used as simple, real-time, and effective devices in clinical diagnosis, food analysis, and environmental monitoring. Nanoscale functional materials possess unique properties such as a large surface-to-volume ratio, making them useful for biomedical diagnostic purposes. Nanoengineering has resulted in the increased use of nanoscale functional materials in biosensors. Various types of nanostructures i.e., 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D, have been intensively employed to enhance biosensor selectivity, limit of detection, sensitivity, and speed of response time to display results. In particular, carbon nanotubes and nanofibers have been extensively employed in electrochemical biosensors, which have become an interdisciplinary frontier between material science and viral disease detection. This review provides an overview of the current research activities in nanofiber-based electrochemical biosensors for diagnostic purposes. The clinical applications of these nanobiosensors are also highlighted, along with a discussion of the future directions for these materials in diagnostics. The aim of this review is to stimulate a broader interest in developing nanofiber-based electrochemical biosensors and improving their applications in disease diagnosis. In this review, we summarize some of the most recent advances achieved in point of care (PoC) electrochemical biosensor applications, focusing on new materials and modifiers enabling biorecognition that have led to improved sensitivity, specificity, stability, and response time.

show abstract

“…Nanomaterials are considered as an inseparable component in the initial phase of fabricating highly sensitive electrochemical biosensors. Zinc oxide (ZnO), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene (Gr), , and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been introduced as “elite” materials, offering enhancing sensitivity for electrochemical sensing. − Various forms of ZnO have been used for electrochemical biosensing; − thanks to their unique properties for creating active sites with a large surface area as well as owning to their high isoelectric point (IEP) of 9.5 contributing to the absorption of biological components such as proteins. , Being an attractive material for electrochemical biosensor fabrication, graphene ,, has also been utilized prevalently as a companion element with ZnO in sensing devices, − for example, for enzymatic and nonenzymatic detection of glucose, , endorphins, and ascorbic acid . It is worth noting that the coexistence of the graphene and ZnO assists the uniform dispersion of the ZnO NPs inside the mixture .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Stable Buffer-Based Zinc Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosurface Chemistry for Rapid Immunosensing of SARS-CoV-2 Antigens

Haghayegh

Salahandish

Hassani

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The widespread and long-lasting effect of the COVID-19 pandemic has called attention to the significance of technological advances in the rapid diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 virus. This study reports the use of a highly stable buffer-based zinc oxide/reduced graphene oxide (bbZnO/rGO) nanocomposite coated on carbon screen-printed electrodes for electrochemical immuno-biosensing of SARS-CoV-2 nuelocapsid (N-) protein antigens in spiked and clinical samples. The incorporation of a salt-based (ionic) matrix for uniform dispersion of the nanomixture eliminates multistep nanomaterial synthesis on the surface of the electrode and enables a stable single-step sensor nanocoating. The immuno-biosensor provides a limit of detection of 21 fg/mL over a linear range of 1–10 000 pg/mL and exhibits a sensitivity of 32.07 ohms·mL/pg·mm2 for detection of N-protein in spiked samples. The N-protein biosensor is successful in discriminating positive and negative clinical samples within 15 min, demonstrating its proof of concept used as a COVID-19 rapid antigen test.

show abstract

Zinc oxide nanostructures–based biosensors

Cited by 14 publications

References 167 publications

Decadal Journey of CNT-Based Analytical Biosensing Platforms in the Detection of Human Viruses

Decadal Journey of CNT-Based Analytical Biosensing Platforms in the Detection of Human Viruses

Advancements in Nanofiber-Based Electrochemical Biosensors for Diagnostic Applications

Highly Stable Buffer-Based Zinc Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosurface Chemistry for Rapid Immunosensing of SARS-CoV-2 Antigens

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About