Zinc recovery from metallurgical slag and dust by coordination leaching in NH3–CH3COONH4–H2O system

Ma, Aiyuan; Zheng, Xiaofeng; Li, Song; Wang, Yihong; Zhu, Shijun

doi:10.1098/rsos.180660

Cited by 30 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Therefore, many studies propose using steel dust in applications where clays are similarly used. They are used as adsorbents to remove toxic and heavy metals from water [22][23][24][25][26][27][28], as catalyst [29][30][31], and for CO 2 sequestration [32,33]. In addition, steel dust was also reported to have been used for drill cuttings disposal [34,35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Steel-Making Dust in Drilling Fluids Formulations

et al. 2020

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Steelmaking is an energy-intensive process that generates considerable amounts of by-products and wastes, which often pose major environmental and economic challenges to the steel-making industry. One of these by-products is steel dust that is produced during the separation of impurities in the smelting and refining of metals in steel-making furnaces. In this study, electric arc furnace (EAF) dust has been evaluated as a potential, low-cost additive to increase the viscosity and weight of drilling muds. Currently, the cost of drilling operations typically accounts for 50 to 80% of the exploration costs and about 30 to 80% of the subsequent field development costs. Utilization of steelmaking waste in drilling fluids formulations is aimed to produce new and optimized water-based drilling formulations, which is expected to reduce the amount of bentonite and other viscosifier additives used in the drilling formulations. The results showed that in a typical water-based drilling fluid of 8.6 ppg (1030.51 kg/m3), the amount of standard drilling grade bentonite could be reduced by 30 wt.% with the addition of the proposed new additive to complete the required mud weight. The mixture proved to be stable with no phase separation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Steel-Making Dust in Drilling Fluids Formulations

et al. 2020

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“…In addition, ZOD has a complex composition, and many valuable metals coexist with impurities. As a result, conventional acid, alkali, ammonia, and other methods exhibit poor performance in the leaching of Zn from ZOD [14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism Analysis and Experimental Research on Leaching Zn from Zinc Oxide Dust with an Ultrasound-Enhanced NH3-NH4Cl-H2O System

Ma,

Li,

Chang

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Zinc oxide dust (ZOD) is an industrial solid waste produced in the production process of wet smelting Zn, with large output and great pollution to the environment. The recycling of metallurgical solid waste such as zinc oxide dust is very important to achieve the sustainable development of the circular economy. An experimental study of zinc (Zn) leaching from zinc oxide dust using an ultrasound-enhanced ammonia–ammonium chloride system was performed. The effects of ultrasonic power, leaching time, total ammonia concentration, and other factors on the leaching rate of zinc from zinc oxide dust were investigated. The results revealed that the leaching rate of Zn reached up to 80.70% under the condition of ultrasound power of 1000 W, reaction time of 15 min, total ammonia concentration of 6 mol/L, [NH3]:[NH4+] of 1:1, L/S of 5:1, temperature of 45 °C, and stirring speed of 100 r/min. The conventional leaching was conducted under similar conditions, except that the time was controlled to 40 min and the zinc leaching rate was 71.15%. The leaching rate of Zn in the ultrasound condition was improved by 9.55% compared with that in the conventional leaching process. XRD, laser particle size, and SEM-EDS analyses were conducted to study the leaching residues of ZOD. The analysis results showed that in the ultrasound condition, the largest leaching rate of soluble ZnO phases was achieved after 15 min of leaching. Under the ammoniacal system, it was difficult to leach ZnFe2O4, Zn2SiO4, and ZnS phases, which partly accounted for the low zinc leaching rate. Additionally, through ultrasound-enhanced treatment, the ZnO particles encapsulated in ZOD particles were broken into smaller sizes and exposed to the leaching solution. Thus, the leaching rate of Zn was improved. The experimental results show that ultrasound can tremendously improve the effect of Zn extraction from ZOD, shorten reaction time, and help reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution, making it a promising application in the treatment of secondary Zn resources.

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“…MSD materials source from the smelting process of steel, zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), and copper (Cu), etc., and their production, is rising sharply [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. As hazardous materials, MSD materials are rich in heavy metals like Zn, Cu, and Fe, as well as toxic components such as As, Hg, Pb, Cr, and Cd [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Zinc from Metallurgical Slag and Dust by Ammonium Acetate Using Response Surface Methodology

Zheng

et al. 2023

Materials

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Metallurgical slag and dust (MSD) are abundant Zn-containing secondary resources that can partially alleviate the shortage of zinc minerals, with hazardous characteristics and a high recycling value. In this work, the process conditions of recycling Zn from MSD materials leaching by ammonium acetate (NH3-CH3COONH4-H2O) were optimised using response surface methodology (RSM). The influences of liquid/solid ratio, stirring speed, leaching time, total ammonia concentration, and the interactions between these variables on the Zn effective extraction rate during the ammonium acetate leaching process were investigated. Additionally, the predicted regression equation between the Zn effective extraction rate and the four affecting factors was established, and the optimal process parameters were determined with a stirring speed of 345 r/min, leaching temperature of 25 °C, [NH3]/[NH4]+ of 1:1, total ammonia concentration of 4.8 mol/L, liquid/solid ratio of 4.3:1, and leaching time of 46 min. The Zn effective extraction rates predicted by the proposed model and the measured values were 85.25% and 84.67%, respectively, with a relative error of 0.58% between the two values, indicating the accuracy and reliability of the proposed model. XRD and SEM-EDS analysis results showed that Zn2SiO4, ZnS, and ZnFe2O4 were among the main factors affecting the low extraction rate of zinc from metallurgical slag dust. This work established a new technology prototype for the effective and clean extraction of zinc resources, which can provide new routes to effectively utilise Zn-containing MSD materials and lay a foundation for developing other novel techniques for recycling Zn from Zn-containing secondary resources.

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Zinc recovery from metallurgical slag and dust by coordination leaching in NH₃–CH₃COONH₄–H₂O system

Cited by 30 publications

References 31 publications

Utilization of Steel-Making Dust in Drilling Fluids Formulations

Utilization of Steel-Making Dust in Drilling Fluids Formulations

Mechanism Analysis and Experimental Research on Leaching Zn from Zinc Oxide Dust with an Ultrasound-Enhanced NH3-NH4Cl-H2O System

Recovery of Zinc from Metallurgical Slag and Dust by Ammonium Acetate Using Response Surface Methodology

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