Zingiber Officinale Alleviates Maternal and Fetal Hepatorenal Toxicity Induced by Prenatal Cadmium

Abstract

This study was designed to address the protective effects of Zingiber officinale on the toxic outcomes of prenatal Cadmium administration on pregnancy outcome. Pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (eight rats/each), control group received distilled water, 2nd group treated with 8.8 mg of CdCl2/kg b. wt, 3rd group treated with 250 mg of Zingiber officinale/kg b. wt, and 4th group treated with 250 mg of Zingiber officinale/kg b. wt, followed by 8.8 mg of CdCl2/kg b.wt. Daily body weight of pregnant was recorded from GD1-GD20, and then pregnant rats were sacrificed at GD20. Samples of maternal and fetal livers and kidneys were processed for histological examination. Administration of Cd to pregnant rats showed adverse effects on pregnant mothers and their fetuses; reduced maternal weight gain, reduced absolute organ weights, reduced fetal growth parameters and placental weights together with altered histological appearance of the maternal and fetal livers and kidneys. While co-administration of Zingiber officinale showed an improvement of these toxic alterations. Zingiber officinale through its antioxidant activity could be beneficial against toxic outcomes of Cd exposure during pregnancy.

The Protective Potential of Aronia melanocarpa L. Berry Extract against Cadmium-Induced Kidney Damage: A Study in an Animal Model of Human Environmental Exposure to This Toxic Element

“…Moreover, histopathological studies also revealed that the changes in the morphological structure of the tubules were more advanced at a higher level of exposure to Cd. Similar to those noted in the Cd 1 and Cd 5 groups, pathological changes in the histological structure of the kidney were also reported by other authors, however, at higher levels of exposure to this xenobiotic [33][34][35][36][37][38].…”

“…Although the toxic impact of Cd on the kidneys has been known for a long time and has been the subject of many studies, the mechanism of the nephrotoxic action of this xenobiotic, as well as the risk of this organ damage under low-level exposure, have not been sufficiently studied (for a review, see [2]). In the available literature, there are numerous studies on the damaging impact of Cd on the kidney conducted in laboratory animals; however, the used experimental models do not correspond to human exposure in terms of the dose (moderate, high, and even very high doses were administered) of this xenobiotic and the route of intoxication [33][34][35][36][37][38]40,[47][48][49]. To our knowledge, the experimental model we created is the only in vivo model constructed so far that well reflects human environmental exposure, and, therefore, we discuss our findings in the light of data from epidemiological studies.…”

Current Levels of Environmental Exposure to Cadmium in Industrialized Countries as a Risk Factor for Kidney Damage in the General Population: A Comprehensive Review of Available Data

“…The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https: //www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/ijms24098413/s1. References [5,17,22,37,66,72,84,126,146,149,[167][168][169][178][179][180][181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191] are cited in the supplementary materials.…”