Zn or O? An Atomic Level Comparison on Antibacterial Activities of Zinc Oxides

Yu, Fen; Fang, Xuan; Jia, Haiqiang; Liu, Miaoxing; Shi, Xiaotong; Xue, Chaowen; Chen, Tingtao; Wei, Zhipeng; Fang, Fang; Zhu, Hui; Xin, Hong‐Bo; Feng, Jing; Wang, Xiaolei

doi:10.1002/chem.201601018

Cited by 35 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This may explain why a higher dose of ZnO-NPs is typically required for E. coli . Ultimately, the surface chemistry and crystalline structure of a particular ZnO-NP preparation may have a profound effect on its interaction with the surface of a Gram-positive versus Gram-negative organism and therefore may dictate species selectivity regardless of the final mechanism 63 . Likewise, the three-dimensional shape may be important in accessibility of ZnO-NPs to specific molecular targets 56, 64 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected insights into antibacterial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles against methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA)

et al. 2018

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Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are attractive as broad-spectrum antibiotics, however, their further engineering as antimicrobial agents and clinical translation is impeded by controversial data about their mechanism of activity. It is commonly reported that ZnO-NP's antimicrobial activity is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here we disprove this concept by comparing the antibacterial potency of ZnO-NPs and their capacity to generate ROS with hydrogen peroxide (HO). Then, using gene transcription microarray analysis, we provide evidence for a novel toxicity mechanism. Exposure to ZnO-NPs resulted in over three-log reduction in colonies of methicillin resistant S. aureus with minimal increase in ROS or lipid peroxidation. The amount of ROS required for the same amount of killing by HO was much greater than that generated by ZnO-NPs. In contrast to HO, ZnO-NP mediated killing was not mitigated by the antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine. ZnO-NPs caused significant up-regulation of pyrimidine biosynthesis and carbohydrate degradation. Simultaneously, amino acid synthesis in S. aureus was significantly down-regulated indicating a complex mechanism of antimicrobial action involving multiple metabolic pathways. The results of this study point to the importance of specific experimental controls in the interpretation of antimicrobial mechanistic studies and the need for targeted molecular mechanism studies. Continued investigation on the antibacterial mechanisms of biomimetic ZnO-NPs is essential for future clinical translation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected insights into antibacterial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles against methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA)

et al. 2018

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“…Recently, Ye et al [41] combined a nano-pillar array and ZnO nanoslices to prepare a cicada & catkin inspired structure that was demonstrated to simultaneously have ideal biocompatibility, better bacterial anti-adhesive property, broader antibacterial range, and long-lasting antibacterial activity. ZnO-based nanomaterials possess high antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and -negative bacterial strains [[45], [46], [47], [48]], which has been mainly attributed to Zn 2+ ions release, bacterial cell membrane damage, and photocatalytic generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [49,50].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro/nano-structured TiO2 surface with dual-functional antibacterial effects for biomedical applications

Ren

Ding

et al. 2019

Bioactive Materials

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Implant-associated infections are generally difficult to cure owing to the bacterial antibiotic resistance which is attributed to the widespread usage of antibiotics. Given the global threat and increasing influence of antibiotic resistance, there is an urgent demand to explore novel antibacterial strategies other than using antibiotics. Recently, using a certain surface topography to provide a more persistent antibacterial solution attracts more and more attention. However, the clinical application of biomimetic nano-pillar array is not satisfactory, mainly because its antibacterial ability against Gram-positive strain is not good enough. Thus, the pillar array should be equipped with other antibacterial agents to fulfill the bacteriostatic and bactericidal requirements of clinical application. Here, we designed a novel model substrate which was a combination of periodic micro/nano-pillar array and TiO2 for basically understanding the topographical bacteriostatic effects of periodic micro/nano-pillar array and the photocatalytic bactericidal activity of TiO2. Such innovation may potentially exert the synergistic effects by integrating the persistent topographical antibacterial activity and the non-invasive X-ray induced photocatalytic antibacterial property of TiO2 to combat against antibiotic-resistant implant-associated infections. First, to separately verify the topographical antibacterial activity of TiO2 periodic micro/nano-pillar array, we systematically investigated its effects on bacterial adhesion, growth, proliferation, and viability in the dark without involving the photocatalysis of TiO2. The pillar array with sub-micron motif size can significantly inhibit the adhesion, growth, and proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). Such antibacterial ability is mainly attributed to a spatial confinement size-effect and limited contact area availability generated by the special topography of pillar array. Moreover, the pillar array is not lethal to S. aureus and E. coli in 24 h. Then, the X-ray induced photocatalytic antibacterial property of TiO2 periodic micro/nano-pillar array in vitro and in vivo will be systematically studied in a future work. This study could shed light on the direction of surface topography design for future medical implants to combat against antibiotic-resistant implant-associated infections without using antibiotics.

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“…The exact mechanisms for the inhibitory effects of Zn on the microorganisms remain unclear. The possible antibacterial ways of Zn ions are as follows: (1) membrane damage caused by the attack of Zn ions, leading to the leakage of intracellular constituents [80,81], (2) Zn ions can inhibit bacterial growth by producing a large amount of bactericidal reactive oxygen species (ROS), and (3) Zn ions can bind to bacterial DNA and, thus, inhibit its replication [82][83][84].…”

Section: Polymer-based Coatings Combined With Antibacterial Ionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Antibacterial Functionalized Coatings on Mg and Its Alloys for Medical Use—A Review

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2020

Coatings

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As a revolutionary implant material, magnesium and its alloys have many exciting performances, such as biodegradability, mechanical compatibility, and excellent biosecurity. However, the rapid and uncontrollable degradation rate of magnesium greatly hampers its clinical use. Many efforts have been taken to enhance the corrosion resistance of magnesium. However, it must be noted that improving the corrosion resistance of magnesium will lead to the compromise of its antibacterial abilities, which are attribute and proportional to the alkaline pH during its degradation. Providing antibacterial functionalized coating is one of the best methods for balancing the degradation rate and the antibacterial ability of magnesium. Antibacterial functionalized magnesium is especially well-suited for patients with diabetes and infected wounds. Considering the extremely complex biological environment in the human body and the demands of enhancing corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, osteogenesis, and antibacterial ability, composite coatings with combined properties of different materials may be promising. The aim of this review isto collect and compare recent studies on antibacterial functionalized coatings on magnesium and its alloys. The clinical applications of antibacterial functionalized coatings and their material characteristics, antibacterial abilities, in vitro cytocompatibility, and corrosion resistance are also discussed in detail.

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Zn or O? An Atomic Level Comparison on Antibacterial Activities of Zinc Oxides

Cited by 35 publications

References 45 publications

Unexpected insights into antibacterial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles against methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA)

Unexpected insights into antibacterial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles against methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA)

Micro/nano-structured TiO2 surface with dual-functional antibacterial effects for biomedical applications

Advances in Antibacterial Functionalized Coatings on Mg and Its Alloys for Medical Use—A Review

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