“…Weigand, Messelklinger, Stammberger, and Kennedy pioneered the use of endoscopic nasal surgery to diagnose and treat lesions in and around the cranial sinuses. 31,39,[46][47][48]50 Taking advantage of the extensive experience with endoscopic sinus surgery among ear, nose, and throat specialists, the panoramic 360˚ view provided by the endoscope, and the elimination of the rigid transsphenoidal retractor, Jho, a neurosurgeon, and Carrau, an ear, nose, and throat surgeon, began experimenting with the strictly endonasal transsphenoidal approach to pituitary tumors at the University of Pittsburgh. 4,[21][22][23][24] They reported their experience in 50 patients in 1997.…”