Zwitterionic Polymersomes in an Ionic Liquid: Room Temperature TEM Characterization

Maddikeri, Raghavendra R.; Çolak, Semra; Gido, Samuel P.; Tew, Gregory N.

doi:10.1021/bm2010142

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…This concerns in particular ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), whereas metathesis (cyclo)polymerization of zwitterionic alkynes was reported already some time ago [348]. The new zwitterionic polymers reported have all been based on cycloolefins, mainly on strained tricyclic imides derived from exo-7-oxa-norbornenedicarboxylic acid ( Figure 6) [349][350][351][352][353][354][355][356]. This has enabled the facile preparation of polyzwitterions with double bonds in their backbone.…”

Section: Synthesis By Chain Growth Polymerizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 6. Zwitterionic monomers employed in ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), including phosphobetaine 34 [352], sulfobetaines 35 and 36 [349,350,354,357], and carboxybetaines 37 and 38 [350,357]. Still, different from the phosphobetaine and sulfobetaine monomers, the carboxylate group is nucleophilic enough in the less acidic carboxybetaines (x > 1 in VII, Figure 1) to compete with other ligands for complexing the metal center of the ROMP catalysts.…”

Section: Synthesis By Chain Growth Polymerizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structures and Synthesis of Zwitterionic Polymers

2014

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Abstract:The structures and synthesis of polyzwitterions ("polybetaines") are reviewed, emphasizing the literature of the past decade. Particular attention is given to the general challenges faced, and to successful strategies to obtain polymers with a true balance of permanent cationic and anionic groups, thus resulting in an overall zero charge. Also, the progress due to applying new methodologies from general polymer synthesis, such as controlled polymerization methods or the use of "click" chemical reactions is presented. Furthermore, the emerging topic of responsive ("smart") polyzwitterions is addressed. The considerations and critical discussions are illustrated by typical examples.

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Section: Synthesis By Chain Growth Polymerizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthesis By Chain Growth Polymerizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structures and Synthesis of Zwitterionic Polymers

2014

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“…Polymersomes are structures analogous to liposomes, formed in the self-assembly process from synthetic amphiphilic block copolymers containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic blocks. To solve that problem the researchers have used the aforementioned pH-sensitive polymersomes 9,10 or have prepared the semipermeable membrane by simple mixing a pair of oppositely charged block copolymers (PICsomes) in an aqueous medium. [2][3][4][5] To improve the control over the cargo release, the stimuli-sensitive components were incorporated into the polymersome structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable polymersomes based on ionic–zwitterionic block copolymers modified with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications

et al. 2015

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Stable polymersomes with semipermeable membranes were prepared by simple mixing of two oppositely charged diblock copolymers containing zwitterionic and cationic or anionic blocks. The formation of vesicular structures in the mixed solution of the block copolymers was confirmed by direct observation using the cryo-TEM technique. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with a cationic chitosan derivative (SPION/CCh) and decorated with a fluorescent probe molecule were next incorporated into the polymersome structure. The average diameter of SPION/CCh-polymersomes estimated using cryo-TEM was about 250 nm. Surface topography of the SPION/CCh-loaded vesicles was imaged using AFM and the magnetic properties of these objects were confirmed by MFM and MRI measurements. The ability of SPION/CCh-polymersomes to affect T 2 relaxation time in MRI was evaluated based on the measurements of r 2 relaxivity. The obtained value of r 2 (573 AE 10 mM À1 s À1 ) was quite high. The cytotoxicity and intracellular uptake of the SPION/CCh-loaded vesicles into EA.hy926 cells were studied. The results indicate that the SPION/CCh-polymersomes seem to be internalized by vascular endothelium and are not cytotoxic to endothelial cells up to 1 mg Fe per mL. Therefore, it can be suggested that SPION/CCh-polymersomes could prove useful as T 2 contrast agents in the MRI of endothelium.

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“…Among zwitterionic polymers, zwitterionic polynorbornene poly(NSulfoZI) presents an emerging class of materials, which provide excellent hydrophilicity and non‐fouling properties when immobilized onto the substrate surface . These properties could mainly be attributed to their structural resemblance to the natural functional groups, such as phosphatidylcholines analogues to mammalian cell membranes, since they both present a bilayer structure, exposing the unique zwitterion functional group on the surface …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification of Polycarbonate Urethane with Zwitterionic Polynorbornene via Thiol‐ene Click‐Reaction to Facilitate Cell Growth and Proliferation

Khan

Yang

Shi

et al. 2015

Macro Materials & Eng

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Herein, we grafted the zwitterionic polynorbornene onto polycarbonate urethane (PCU) film surface by a convenient route of thiol-ene click-chemistry. The PCU film surface was first treated with hexamethylene-1,6-diisocynate and subsequently with two different thiol agents (L-cysteine and b-marcaptoethanol) in the presence of di-n-butyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) to immobilize sulfhydryl groups onto the surface. Here, DBTDL acted as selective catalyst for the reaction between surface-tethered isocyanates and amine/hydroxyl groups in thiol agents over that of free thiol groups. In the next step, zwitterionic polynorbornene (poly(NSulfoZI)) having functionalizable double bonds was grafted onto these surfaces by photo-initiated thiol-ene click-reaction. The modified surfaces were characterized by water contact angle and XPS analysis. Moreover, the cytocompatibility of these surfaces was investigated by model endothelial cells, EA.hy926, for 1, 3, and 7 d culture times, which showed enhanced cell adhesion and growth. Therefore, the poly(NSulfoZI) functionalized PCU surface using l-cysteine as thiol agent could be a good candidate for tissue engineering material application.

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Zwitterionic Polymersomes in an Ionic Liquid: Room Temperature TEM Characterization

Cited by 30 publications

References 69 publications

Structures and Synthesis of Zwitterionic Polymers

Structures and Synthesis of Zwitterionic Polymers

Stable polymersomes based on ionic–zwitterionic block copolymers modified with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications

Surface Modification of Polycarbonate Urethane with Zwitterionic Polynorbornene via Thiol‐ene Click‐Reaction to Facilitate Cell Growth and Proliferation

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