α-Pyrones with glucose uptake-stimulatory activity from the twigs of Cryptocarya wrayi

The Genus Cryptocarya: A Review on Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities

“…His research interests emphasize on natural products chemistry, and pharmacological drug development. [2,14,[16][17][18]24,31,36,[38][39][40]43,47,50,52] Together with five known metabolites (À )-argemonine (1), (+)-caryachine (3), (À )-caryachine (4), (À )-crychine ( 7), (+)-eschscholtzidine (10), the extraction and separation of the 95 % ethanol extract of C. chinensis wood by acidization and chromatography resulted in the isolation of four new pavines (À )-N-demethylcrychine ( 9), (+)-eschscholtzidine-N-oxide (11), (À )-12-hydroxycrychine (15), and (À )-12-hydroxyeschscholtzidine (16). [40] The other parts of this plant also contained seven new others (À )-caryachine-N-oxide (5), (À )-caryachine Nmethoperchlorate (6), (À )-crychine N-methoperchlorate (8), (À )-neocaryachine (23), (À )-neocaryachine Nmethoperchlorate (24), and (�)-isocaryachine-N-oxides (19 -20), along with six known ones (À )-bisnorargemonine (2), (À )-eschscholtzine (12), (�)-isocaryachines (17 -18), (À )-munitagine (21), and (À )-norargemonine (22) (Table 1).…”

“…[9,11] Chromatographic isolation of the ethyl acetate extract of C. impressinervia twig using silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and HPLC CCs resulted in the isolation of a 2-furanone (À )-epilitsenolide C 1 (384), whereas C. wrayi twig was reported to contain another 2-furanone 4-hydroxy-2,3-dimethylnon-2-en-4-olide (385). [11,94] α-Tocopheryl quinone (386), and 1hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyxanthone (387) can be classified as respective quinone and xanthone. They are available in nature, however, in the genus Cryptocarya they were only found in C. chinensis leaf and C. impressinervia twig, respectively.…”

“…As a consequence, plant extracts, isolated compounds, and essential oils from this genus have also drawn much interest in pharmacological studies. In brief, Table 3 is to compile the pharmacological values of Cryptocarya constituents, including cytotoxic, [2,4,7,41,43,52,58,66,71,72,75,76,79,80,83,86-89,91-94, 110,117,118] anti-inflammatory, [5,74,81,109,[119][120][121] antioxidative, [44,50,73,107,108,121,122] antimicrobacterial, [12,58,67,92,107,112,115,123,124] antiviral, [4,43,90] antiinsect, [53,77,106,112,125] antiprotozoal, [7,44,65,71,110] antidiabetic, [11,49,50] and other activities. [88,121,126,127] In vitro 69 % Glucose uptake in CHOÀ K1/GLUT4 cells 167…”

“…[10] Cryptocarya constituents have been given much attention due to their multiple pharmacological actions, such as cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, and antitrypanosomal activity, as well as their ability to stabilize the tumor suppressor Pdcd4. [11] Most Cryptocarya trees are also known for woods with high commercial values. [12] C. woodii leaves were found in prehistoric settlements in Africa and are believed to be used for insect inhibition.…”

“…Essential oils, which were commercially harvested from C. agathophylla , a species of Madagascar rainforests, were used for aromatherapy in Europe and America [10] . Cryptocarya constituents have been given much attention due to their multiple pharmacological actions, such as cytotoxic, anti‐inflammatory, antimalarial, and antitrypanosomal activity, as well as their ability to stabilize the tumor suppressor Pdcd4 [11] . Most Cryptocarya trees are also known for woods with high commercial values [12] .…”