β-Carotene: Preventive Role for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: A Review

Marcelino, Gabriela; Machate, David Johane; Freitas, Karine de Cássia; Hiane, Priscila Aiko; Maldonade, Iriani Rodrigues; Pott, Arnildo; Asato, Marcel Arakaki; Cândido, Camila Jordão; Guimarães, Rita de Cássia Avellaneda

doi:10.3390/molecules25245803

Cited by 84 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…For example, β-carotene has been reported to be negatively associated with obesity and serum triglycerides [ 8 ]. It has been reported that β-carotene and its metabolites by β-carotene-9′,10′-dioxygenase control lipid metabolism within adipocytes, inhibit adipocyte maturation transformation, and suppress cell differentiation [ 33 ]. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which lutein and β-carotene affect VFA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Serum Concentration of Carotenoid and Visceral Fat

Matsumoto¹,

Suganuma²,

Ozato

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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Consumption of fruits and vegetables rich in carotenoids has been widely reported to prevent cardiovascular diseases. However, the relationship between serum carotenoid concentrations and visceral fat area (VFA), which is considered a better predictor of cardiovascular diseases than the body-mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, remains unclear. Therefore, we examined the relationship in healthy individuals in their 20s or older, stratified by sex and age, to compare the relationship between serum carotenoid concentrations and VFA and BMI. The study was conducted on 805 people, the residents in Hirosaki city, Aomori prefecture, who underwent a health checkup. An inverse relationship between serum carotenoid concentrations and VFA and BMI was observed only in women. In addition, the results were independent of the intake of dietary fiber, which is mainly supplied from vegetables as well as carotenoids. This suggests that consumption of a diet rich in carotenoids (especially lutein and beta-carotene) is associated with lower VFA, which is a good predictor of cardiovascular disease, especially in women. This study is the first to comprehensively evaluate the association between serum carotenoid levels and VFA in healthy individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Serum Concentration of Carotenoid and Visceral Fat

Matsumoto¹,

Suganuma²,

Ozato

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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“…Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2014 found that dietary β-carotene intake was inversely associated with hypertension in US adults [ 43 ]. β-carotene has also been demonstrated to play a preventive role in type 2 diabetes [ 15 , 44 ]. β-carotene modulates blood pressure and the metabolism of blood glucose due to its antioxidant capacity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…β-carotene is known to be highly absorbed and utilized in humans [13]. Studies have found that β-carotene acts as an antioxidant to protect against cardiovascular disease [14], type 2 Nutrients 2021, 13, 2280 2 of 12 diabetes, and obesity [15]. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis concluded that β-carotene status was inversely associated with metabolic syndrome [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-Carotene Status Is Associated with Inflammation and Two Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with and without Osteoarthritis

et al. 2021

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This study was conducted to investigate the β-carotene status in osteoarthritis (OA) patients and examine its relationships with the risk of inflammation and metabolic syndrome. OA patients were stratified by obesity based on body fat percentage (obese OA, n = 44; non-obese OA, n = 56), and sixty-nine subjects without OA or obesity were assigned as a non-obese control group. β-carotene, metabolic parameters, and inflammation status were assessed. Obese OA patients exhibited a significantly higher rate of metabolic syndrome (p = 0.02), abdominal obesity (p < 0.01), and lower β-carotene status (p < 0.01) compared with non-obese OA and non-obese controls. After adjusting for potential confounders, β-carotene status (≥0.8 µM) was significantly inversely correlated with the risk of metabolic syndrome (odds ratio = 0.27, p < 0.01), abdominal obesity (odds ratio = 0.33, p < 0.01), high blood pressure (odds ratio = 0.35, p < 0.01), hyperglycemia (odds ratio = 0.45, p < 0.05), and inflammation (odds ratio = 0.30, p = 0.01). Additionally, subjects who had a high β-carotene status with a low proportion of metabolic syndrome when they had a low-grade inflammatory status (p < 0.01). Obese OA patients suffered from a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome and lower β-carotene status compared to the non-obese controls. A better β-carotene status (≥0.8 µM) was inversely associated with the risk of metabolic syndrome and inflammation, so we suggest that β-carotene status could be a predictor of the risk of metabolic syndrome and inflammation in patients with and without OA.

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“…Various techniques used for this purpose differ in terms of repeatability and costs associated with the necessity of using specialized equipment. Valuable reviews, published in recent years, describe problems related to (i) the mechanisms responsible for the antioxidant activity [ 17 ]; (ii) the antioxidant activity of natural extracts prepared from various plant species [ 36 ], microorganisms [ 37 ], and food ingredients [ 38 ]; and (iii) the preventive role of antioxidants in various diseases such as diabetes [ 39 ], human gut diseases [ 40 ], and cancer [ 41 ], as well as the use of natural extracts for the synthesis of nanoparticles [ 42 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidants: Classification, Natural Sources, Activity/Capacity Measurements, and Usefulness for the Synthesis of Nanoparticles

et al. 2021

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Natural extracts are the source of many antioxidant substances. They have proven useful not only as supplements preventing diseases caused by oxidative stress and food additives preventing oxidation but also as system components for the production of metallic nanoparticles by the so-called green synthesis. This is important given the drastically increased demand for nanomaterials in biomedical fields. The source of ecological technology for producing nanoparticles can be plants or microorganisms (yeast, algae, cyanobacteria, fungi, and bacteria). This review presents recently published research on the green synthesis of nanoparticles. The conditions of biosynthesis and possible mechanisms of nanoparticle formation with the participation of bacteria are presented. The potential of natural extracts for biogenic synthesis depends on the content of reducing substances. The assessment of the antioxidant activity of extracts as multicomponent mixtures is still a challenge for analytical chemistry. There is still no universal test for measuring total antioxidant capacity (TAC). There are many in vitro chemical tests that quantify the antioxidant scavenging activity of free radicals and their ability to chelate metals and that reduce free radical damage. This paper presents the classification of antioxidants and non-enzymatic methods of testing antioxidant capacity in vitro, with particular emphasis on methods based on nanoparticles. Examples of recent studies on the antioxidant activity of natural extracts obtained from different species such as plants, fungi, bacteria, algae, lichens, actinomycetes were collected, giving evaluation methods, reference antioxidants, and details on the preparation of extracts.

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β-Carotene: Preventive Role for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: A Review

Cited by 84 publications

References 63 publications

Association between Serum Concentration of Carotenoid and Visceral Fat

Association between Serum Concentration of Carotenoid and Visceral Fat

β-Carotene Status Is Associated with Inflammation and Two Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with and without Osteoarthritis

Antioxidants: Classification, Natural Sources, Activity/Capacity Measurements, and Usefulness for the Synthesis of Nanoparticles

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