β‐Glucans are involved in immune‐modulation of THP‐1 macrophages

Abstract

Based on these in vitro analyses, it can be concluded that the analysed β-glucans have varying levels of immunomodulating properties, which are likely related to structure, molecular weight and compositional characteristic of β-glucan.

Lentinula edodes β-glucan enriched diet induces pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages in rabbit

“…However, in contrast to our results THP1 stimulated with β-glucans showed an increased IL-10 expression [24]. Whether increased IL-10 hinders regulation of the immune response or alternatively is a transitory effect is not known.…”

In Vitro Proinflammatory Polarization of Macrophages Isolated from Hepatocarcinogenic Stage in Humans and Rats

“…In the study of Jang et al, BBG did not exert any cytotoxic effect on macrophages at concentrations of 1 to 100 μg/ml for 24 h (21). Chanput et al also did not observe cytotoxicity of BBG at a concentration of 100 μg/ml on human monocytic leukemia cell line after up to 24-h incubation (22). In numerous animal models, β-glucans have shown broad anti-infective and antitumoral activities, including activation of macrophages, and no undesirable side-effects of BBG have yet been reported in humans and rats (20,23).…”

β-Glucans and Probiotics

“…More specifically, a backbone of β(1,3)-linkages associated to β(1,6) branches seems to be the most effective coupling structure for immune stimulation, as it was found to enhance higher expression of proinflammatory cytokines in in vivo, in vitro and ex vivo trials (Chanput et al, 2012;Vannucci et al, 2013). Additionally, the degree of solubility (i.e., soluble, gelforming, or particle-forming), which depends in turn on the degree of polymerization, type of linkages, extent of branching and chemical derivation, is crucial in immune-modulation, as soluble glucans have been showed to strongly induce inflammatory cytokine production (Soltanian et al, 2009).…”

“…Chanput et al, (2012) demonstrated that β-glucans from different sources could modulate in vitro the expression of various human inflammationrelated genes, while earlier experiments on dendritic cells pointed to an anti-inflammatory potential of cereal β-glucans, suggesting they could contribute to immune homeostasis in the highly exposed intestinal environment (Wismar et al, 2011). Recently, we have investigated in vitro whether oat and barley β-glucans could influence the probiotic features of diverse lactobacilli strains as well as some aspect of their interaction with the host (Arena et al, 2016).…”