γδ T lymphocyte responses to HIV

Wallace, Marianne; Bartz, Steven R.; Chang, Wun-Ling; MacKenzie, Debra; Pauza, C. David; Malkovsky, Miroslav

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2249.1996.d01-625.x

Cited by 89 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In addition, a decrease in the number of effector (CD27 Ϫ CD45RA Ϫ ) ␥␦ T cells was observed in immunocompromised patients (18) and in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus macaques (53). Previous studies suggest this may be due to the induction of cellular anergy (32,33,39,42) or the ability of ␥␦ T cells to migrate in response to proinflammatory chemokines (43) and kill cellular targets (51). These data suggest that ␥␦ T cells lose the ability to respond to the HIV/SIV or invading opportunistic pathogens potentially impacting the disease outcome in infected humans/monkeys.…”

Section: Following Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv) Infection Progmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Gamma/Delta T-Cell Functional Responses Differ after Pathogenic Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Nonpathogenic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infections

Kosub

Lehrman

Milush

et al. 2008

J Virol

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The objective of this study was to functionally assess gamma/delta (␥␦) T cells following pathogenic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of humans and nonpathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection of sooty mangabeys. ␥␦ T cells were obtained from peripheral blood samples from patients and sooty mangabeys that exhibited either a CD4-healthy (>200 CD4 ؉ T cells/l blood) or CD4-low (<200 CD4 cells/l blood) phenotype. Cytokine flow cytometry was utilized to assess production of Th1 cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha and gamma interferon following ex vivo stimulation with either phorbol myristate acetate/ ionomycin or the V␦2 ␥␦ T-cell receptor agonist isopentenyl pyrophosphate. Sooty mangabeys were observed to have higher percentages of ␥␦ T cells in their peripheral blood than humans did. Following stimulation, ␥␦

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Section: Following Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv) Infection Progmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…3 and 4). The increased expression of TNF-␣ suggests that ␥␦ T cells may preferentially express this cytokine for the potential killing of HIV/SIV-infected cells or modulating the immune system in response to opportunistic pathogens (3,15,20,31,51).…”

Section: Vol 82 2008 ␥␦ T-cell Function During Hiv and Siv Infectiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma/Delta T-Cell Functional Responses Differ after Pathogenic Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Nonpathogenic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infections

Kosub

Lehrman

Milush

et al. 2008

J Virol

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“…Similar results were obtained for Macaca mulatta 24,25 and Macaca fascicularis 26 monkeys although we know that monkeys have some cells expressing Vγ2 chains paired with Vδ1 27 (a combination that is infrequent for adult human beings) and that subset will influence the repertoire. The Vγ2-Jγ1.2+ subset responds to a variety of pathogens [28][29][30][31][32][33] and tumor cells [34][35][36][37][38][39][40] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate-like γδ T cell responses to mycobacterium Bacille Calmette-Guerin using the public Vγ2 repertoire in Macaca fascicularis

et al. 2007

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The Vγ2Vδ2 T cell subset responds to Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunization in macaques and may be a component of protective immunity against tuberculosis. We characterized the effects of BCG on the Vγ2Vδ2 T cell receptor repertoire by comparing the starting population of Vγ2 chains in cynomolgus macaques with the repertoire found after priming or booster immunization with BCG. The starting repertoire was dominated by public Vγ2 chain sequences that were found repeatedly among unrelated animals. Primary exposure to BCG triggered expansion of cells expressing public Vγ2 chains and booster immunization was often associated with contraction of these same subsets. Thus, BCG-reactive Vγ2 chains were present at high frequency in the repertoire of mycobacterianaïve macaques and they comprised the major response to primary or booster immunization. Normal selection processes that created the naïve Vγ2 repertoire in macaques, also encoded the capacity for rapid responses to mycobacteria. The unusual composition of a normal Vγ2 repertoire helps to explain the powerful γδ T cell responses to BCG immunization.

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“…V␥9V␦2 T lymphocytes proliferate in response to HIV-infected cells and can exert a powerful cytotoxic activity against HIV-infected targets (10,11). Also, V␥9V␦2 T cells produce the HIV inhibitory ␤-chemokines and ␣-defensins (12,13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug-Induced Expansion and Differentiation of Vγ9Vδ2 T Cells In Vivo: The Role of Exogenous IL-2

Casetti

Perretta

Taglioni

et al. 2005

The Journal of Immunology

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Human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells recognize nonpeptidic Ags generated by the 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate (many eubacteria, algae, plants, and Apicomplexa) and mevalonate (eukaryotes, archaebacteria, and certain eubacteria) pathways of isoprenoid synthesis. The potent Vγ9Vδ2 T cell reactivity 1) against certain cancer cells or 2) induced by infectious agents indicates that therapeutic augmentations of Vγ9Vδ2 T cell activities may be clinically beneficial. The functional characteristics of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells from Macaca fascicularis (cynomolgus monkey) are very similar to those from Homo sapiens. We have found that the i.v. administration of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate or pyrophosphomonoester drugs into cynomolgus monkeys combined with s.c. low-dose (6 × 105 U/animal) IL-2 induces a large pool of CD27+ and CD27− effector/memory T cells in the peripheral blood of treated animals. The administration of these drugs in the absence of IL-2 is substantially less effective, indicating the importance of additional exogenous costimuli. Shortly after the costimulatory IL-2 treatment, only γδ (but not αβ) T cells expressed the CD69 activation marker, indicating that Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes are more responsive to low-dose IL-2 than αβ T cells. Up to 100-fold increases in the numbers of peripheral blood Vγ9Vδ2 T cells were observed in animals receiving the γδ stimulatory drug plus IL-2. Moreover, the expanded Vγ9Vδ2 T cells were potent Th1 effectors capable of releasing large amounts of IFN-γ. These results may be relevant for designing novel (or modifying current) immunotherapeutic trials with nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate or pyrophosphomonoester drugs.

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γδ T lymphocyte responses to HIV

Abstract: SUMMARY

Cited by 89 publications

References 33 publications

Gamma/Delta T-Cell Functional Responses Differ after Pathogenic Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Nonpathogenic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infections

Gamma/Delta T-Cell Functional Responses Differ after Pathogenic Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Nonpathogenic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infections

Innate-like γδ T cell responses to mycobacterium Bacille Calmette-Guerin using the public Vγ2 repertoire in Macaca fascicularis

Drug-Induced Expansion and Differentiation of Vγ9Vδ2 T Cells In Vivo: The Role of Exogenous IL-2

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