ε-poly-L-lysine Affects the Vegetative Growth, Pathogenicity and Expression Regulation of Necrotrophic Pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea

Zhou, Tao; Li, He; Huang, Yuanmin; Wang, Zehao; Shan, Yuhang; Yue, Yan; Xia, Zihao; Liang, Yue; An, Mengnan; Wu, Yuanhua

doi:10.3390/jof7100821

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…ε-PL has strong antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal activities [ 24 , 25 ]; therefore, it has been gradually applied in the field of plant disease control as a natural anti-microbial product in agriculture in recent years. ε-PL has been reported to inhibit the growth of fungal pathogens as an antifungal activity agent, inhibiting the mycelial growth and spore germination of Sclerotinia scleroriorum , B. cinerea , and Alternaria alternate [ 13 , 26 , 27 ] which was consistent with our results showing effective inhibition of the mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria alternata by ε-PL ( Table 1 ). It is worth noting that ε-PL at 200 µg/mL had an inhibitory rate toward mycelial growth of 83.9% against A. alternata [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Meanwhile, ε-PL at the same concentration or lower did inhibit the mycelial growth of Sclerotinia scleroriorum and B. cinerea. ε-PL at 1200 µg/mL reduced the lesion by 76.28% and also reduced the necrotic lesion area significantly at 600–1500 µg/mL [ 27 ]. Our results also demonstrated broad-spectrum effects against 12 pathogenic fungi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of ε-Poly-L-Lysine Combined with Wuyiencin as a Bio-Fungicide against Botryris cinerea

Lü

et al. 2022

Microorganisms

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This study mainly evaluated the broad-spectrum fungicidal activity of ε-poly L lysine (ε-PL) against 12 pathogenic fungi. We further demonstrated synergistic antifungal activity of ε-PL combined with wuyiencin against Botryris cinerea. The combined bio-fungicide achieved an inhibition rate of 100% for mycelial growth using ε-PL at 500 μg/mL + wuyiencin at 50 μg/mL and for spore germination using ε-PL at 200 μg/mL + wuyiencin at 80 μg/mL in vitro. This synergistic spore and mycelia-damaging effect of the combination was confirmed using scanning electron microscopy. In vivo assays with combined bio-fungicide (1500 μg/mL ε-PL + 60 μg/mL wuyiencin) on detached leaves showed depressed growth and development of the spores of B. cinerea. The synergistic effect was further tested in combinations of ε-PL with wuyiencin by measuring the fractional inhibition concentration index (FICI) value below 0.5. Moreover, ε-PL and wuyiencin inoculation before B. cinerea infection significantly increased the superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activities, which suggested their involvement in tomato defense responses to disease to minimize damage to B. cinerea. These findings revealed that a combined bio-fungicide comprising ε-PL and wuyiencin had a good prospect for controlling plant fungal disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ε-Poly-L-Lysine Combined with Wuyiencin as a Bio-Fungicide against Botryris cinerea

Lü

et al. 2022

Microorganisms

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“…Similar research has reported that RP is least sensitive to different organic acids (Barbero-López et al, 2020 ). Our results are also consistent with previous research that EPL treatment causes a dose–response effect on various fungi, such as necrotrophic pathogenic fungi, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea , and fruit pathogens, Penicillium expansum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Zhou et al, 2021 ; Bai et al, 2022 ; Lv et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Epsilon poly-L-lysine as a novel antifungal agent for sustainable wood protection

Cai

Kuo

2022

Front. Microbiol.

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There has been a growing interest in seeking natural and biobased preservatives to prevent the wood from deteriorating during its service life, thereby prolonging carbon storage in buildings. This study aims to assess the in vitro and in vivo antifungal properties of epsilon poly-L-lysine (EPL), a secondary metabolite from Actinomyces, against four common wood-inhabiting fungi, including two brown-rot fungi, Gloeophyllum trabeum (GT) and Rhodonia placenta (RP), and two white-rot fungi, Trametes versicolor (TV) and Irpex lacteus (IL), which has rarely been reported. Our results indicate that these fungi responded differently due to EPL treatment. From the in vitro study, the minimal inhibitory concentration of EPL against GT, TV, and IL was determined to be 3 mg/ml, while that of RP was 5 mg/ml. EPL treatment also affects the morphology of fungal hyphae, changing from a smooth surface with a tubular structure to twisted and deformed shapes. Upon EPL treatment with wood samples (in vivo), it was found that EPL could possibly form hydrogen bonds with the hydroxy groups in wood and was uniformly distributed across the transverse section of the wood samples, as indicated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy analyses, respectively. Compared with control wood samples with a mass loss of over 15% across different fungi, wood samples treated with 1% EPL showed negligible or very low (<8%) mass loss. In addition, the thermal stability of EPL-treated wood was also improved by 50%. This study suggests that EPL could be a promising alternative to traditional metallic-based wood preservatives.

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“…44 ε-PL is a broad-spectrum antibacterial polypeptide and a natural food preservative; it participates in host resistance to tobacco mosaic virus infection by inducing host defense signals, 45 and inhibits hyphal growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinereal. 46 However, the biocontrol function of S. albus has been reported only rarely. 33 Therefore, we speculated that the biocontrol effect of S. albus could be mediated by ε-PL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive effect of the Streptomyces albus XJC2‐1 and dimethomorph control pepper blight (Capsicum annuum L.)

Long

Wang

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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BackgroundPepper blight, caused by Phytophthora capsici, is a destructive soilborne disease, which poses a serious threat to pepper, Capsicum annuum L., production. Chemical fungicides, which mainly are used to control pepper blight, have a negative effect on the environment, rendering biological control as a promising alternative to maintain the balance between ecology and pest management. The purpose of this study was to screen the biocontrol bacteria, reduce the dosage of fungicides and increase the stability of biocontrol bacteria, and to find the mixing ratio of biocontrol bacteria and fungicides giving the best control effect.ResultsWe isolated actinomycetes strains from the soil surrounding the roots of healthy pepper plants amongst field‐grown plants infected with P. capsici. Of these, Streptomyces albus XJC2‐1 showed a strong inhibition effect on the growth of P. capsici, with an inhibition rate of ≤85%. XJC2‐1 effectively inhibited the formation of sporangium and release of zoospores of P. capsici as well as directly destroyed its hyphae, to achieve the inhibitory effect. Transcriptomic profiling of pepper leaves, postirrigation of plants with the XJC2‐1 fermentation broth, revealed upregulation of genes related to the photosynthesis pathway in pepper. Furthermore, XJC2‐1 treatment improved the net photosynthetic rate and intercellular CO2 concentration, thereby improving the pepper plant's resistance to pathogens. The combination of XJC2‐1 with the fungicide dimethomorph (8 μg mL−1) displayed strong synergism in inhibition of P. capsici infection, with a control efficiency as high as 75.16%, thus providing a basis for its application in the field.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that S. albus XJC2‐1 inhibited Phytophthora pathogens from infecting pepper plants and enhanced plant host resistance. The combination of XJC2‐1 and dimethomorph displayed a more stable and stronger control effect on pepper blight, showing potential for the future application of XJC2‐1 in the field of biological control. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

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ε-poly-L-lysine Affects the Vegetative Growth, Pathogenicity and Expression Regulation of Necrotrophic Pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea

Cited by 6 publications

References 67 publications

Effects of ε-Poly-L-Lysine Combined with Wuyiencin as a Bio-Fungicide against Botryris cinerea

Effects of ε-Poly-L-Lysine Combined with Wuyiencin as a Bio-Fungicide against Botryris cinerea

Epsilon poly-L-lysine as a novel antifungal agent for sustainable wood protection

Additive effect of the Streptomyces albus XJC2‐1 and dimethomorph control pepper blight (Capsicum annuum L.)

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