ω-3 vs. ω-6 lipid emulsions exert differential influence on neutrophils in septic shock patients: impact on plasma fatty acids and lipid mediator generation

Abstract

omega-3 vs. omega-6 lipid emulsions differentially influence the plasma free fatty acid profile with impact on neutrophil functions. Lipid-based parenteral nutrition in septic patients may thus exert profound influence on sequelae and status of immunocompetence and inflammation.

Fish Oil–Based Lipid Emulsions in the Treatment of Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Liver Disease: An Ongoing Positive Experience

“…However, evidence accumulated over the past few decades strongly suggests the lipid component of TPN as the most probable cause of PNALD. Both animal and human research during the past decade has implicated phytosterols and v-6 (n-6) fatty acids as the most likely components in the current lipid formulations as primary reasons for PNALD (8)(9)(10)(11)(12). In contrast, fish oil-based lipid emulsions (FOLEs) have been shown to be associated with full resolution of PNALD (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18).…”

“…In contrast, fish oil-based lipid emulsions (FOLEs) have been shown to be associated with full resolution of PNALD (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). The beneficial effects of FOLE have been attributed to the abundance of v-3 fatty acids, which, in contrast to v-6 fatty acids, have been shown to possess considerable anti-inflammatory properties (11,(19)(20)(21)(22).…”

Impact of postoperative omega-3 fatty acid-supplemented parenteral nutrition on clinical outcomes and immunomodulations in colorectal cancer patients

“…Recently, supplementation with fish oil is supposed to improve standard clinical therapy for chronic hyper-inflammatory diseases such as Crohn' disease [1,5] , rheumatoid arthritis [6] , cancer cachexia [7,8] , and as an adjunct therapeutic measure for trauma, injure, and sepsis [2,[9][10][11][12] . Although several studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on patient outcome or immune competence, randomized controlled clinical trials focusing on the use of parenteral fish oil are scarce [13][14][15][16][17] . The aim of this study was to assess whether parenteral supplementation of omega-3 fatty acid postoperatively improves the inflammatory and immunological function of colorectal cancer patients and their clinical outcomes.…”

Impact of Supplementing Preoperative Intravenous Omega 3 Fatty Acids in Fish Oil on Immunomodulation in Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Surgery

“…After intravenous administration, EPA and DHA promptly get incorporated into the cell membrane, compete with arachidonic acid (AA) in the cyclo-oxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase pathways, resulting in a reduced generation of diene prostanoids (e.g., PGE2, PGI2, and TXA2) and tetraene leukotrienes (e.g., LTB4), derived from AA in favor of the corresponding triene prostanoids (e.g., PGE3, PGI3, TXA3) and pentaene leukotriene (LTB5) derived from EPA [17].…”