The paper presents an analysis of the experimental and calculated Raman spectra of plant and bacterial carotenoids: neurosporin, spheroiden, lycopene, spirilloxanthin, β-carotene, lutein, ζ-carotene, α-carotene and γ-carotene. A number of characteristic features in the Raman spectra of carotenoids are described for the first time, which make it possible to determine the structure of end groups of molecules and to distinguish their isomers.