Влияние изменений условий гнездования в Арктике на экспансию российской популяции белощекой казарки (
            <i>
              Branta leucopsis
            </i>
            )

Performing migratory journeys comes with energetic costs, which have to be compensated within the annual cycle. An assessment of how and when such compensation occurs is ideally done by comparing full annual cycles of migratory and non-migratory individuals of the same species, which is rarely achieved. We studied free-living migratory and resident barnacle geese belonging to the same flyway (metapopulation), and investigated when differences in foraging activity occur, and when foraging extends beyond available daylight, indicating a diurnal foraging constraint in these usually diurnal animals. We compared foraging activity of migratory (N = 94) and resident (N = 30) geese throughout the annual cycle using GPS-transmitters and 3D-accelerometers, and corroborated this with data on seasonal variation in body condition. Migratory geese were more active than residents during most of the year, amounting to a difference of over 370 h over an entire annual cycle. Activity differences were largest during the periods that comprised preparation for spring and autumn migration. Lengthening days during spring facilitated increased activity, which coincided with an increase in body condition. Both migratory and resident geese were active at night during winter, but migratory geese were also active at night before autumn migration, resulting in a period of night-time activity that was 6 weeks longer than in resident geese. Our results indicate that, at least in geese, seasonal migration requires longer daily activity not only during migration but throughout most of the annual cycle, with migrants being more frequently forced to extend foraging activity into the night.

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Year-round activity levels reveal diurnal foraging constraints in the annual cycle of migratory and non-migratory barnacle geese

Boom

Lameris

Schreven

et al. 2023

Oecologia

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Dispersal history and current breeding range of the Mute Swan (<i>Cygnus olor</i>, Anatidae, Aves) in northwestern Russia

Kouzov,

Khrabry,

Kravchuk

et al. 2024

Zoologičeskij žurnal

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Throughout the 20th century and the first decades of the current century, the Mute Swan, Cygnus olor, has been growing in numbers and expanding its range both northward and northeastward. The history of the species’ settlement to the Northwest of Russia and the main stages of its expansion, as well as the peculiarities of its spatial distribution in the region are discussed. The Mute Swan started breeding in northwestern Russia in the mid-1980s. The species settled in two landscapes: on shallow eutrophic lakes and on sea moraine and selga islands. To date, the species’ range covers the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland, the west and southwest of the Leningrad Region, the whole Pskov Region, and the westernmost parts of the Novgorod and Tver regions. It is noteworthy noting that at the initial stages of expansion the first breeding pairs appeared throughout most of the above-mentioned territories at once. Subsequently, new nests were recorded mainly within the “occupied zone” delineated by the first newcomers. During more than 30 years of expansion, the range of the species moved eastwards by no more than 88–94 km at different localities, while during the previous 20 years (1960–1980) the Mute Swan’s range in Scandinavia moved up to 998 km. Decreasing rates of range expansion amid a continued development of a warm phase of the climate suggest the presence of some kind of climatic barriers for the species in the region.

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Trophic selectivity of the barnacle goose and the white-fronted goose in the area of reproductive concentration

Sheremetyev,

Rosenfeld,

Lavrinenko

2023

Èkologiâ

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Against the backdrop of intense transformation of the Arctic environment and biota, differences in population trends of massive and widespread herbivores in the Arctic are of great interest. In this regard, the main goal of our work was a comparative assessment of the trophic selectivity of the barnacle goose and the white-fronted goose under conditions of the largest reproductive concentration, characterizing the role of competition in the dynamics of their populations. It has been shown that the differences in the quantitative ratio of plants eaten by these species are not sufficient to avoid competition, and that the most selective, i.e. The food of the barnacle goose is sensitive to quality and energy-consuming. However, its status as a relatively weak competitor belies the exponential growth of its population in the study area and the entire Arctic population. We believe that differences in the population dynamics of the barnacle goose and the white-fronted goose are currently not due to competition during reproductive concentrations, but to the influence of anthropogenic and climatic factors far beyond the breeding range.

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Влияние изменений условий гнездования в Арктике на экспансию российской популяции белощекой казарки ( Branta leucopsis )

Cited by 3 publications

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Year-round activity levels reveal diurnal foraging constraints in the annual cycle of migratory and non-migratory barnacle geese

Year-round activity levels reveal diurnal foraging constraints in the annual cycle of migratory and non-migratory barnacle geese

Dispersal history and current breeding range of the Mute Swan (<i>Cygnus olor</i>, Anatidae, Aves) in northwestern Russia

Trophic selectivity of the barnacle goose and the white-fronted goose in the area of reproductive concentration

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