Вплив Попередників На Урожайність Та Якість Зерна Нових Сортів Пшениці Озимої Твердої

Шакалій, С. М.; Баган, А. В.; Юрченко, С. О.; Четверик, О. О.

doi:10.31210/visnyk2021.01.07

visnyk

2021

DOI: 10.31210/visnyk2021.01.07

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Вплив Попередників На Урожайність Та Якість Зерна Нових Сортів Пшениці Озимої Твердої

С. М. Шакалій¹,

А. В. Баган²,

С. О. Юрченко³

et al.

Abstract: Збільшення потенціалу врожайності завжди було і залишається фундаментально важливим у селекційних програмах. Але сучасні сорти повинні бути не тільки високоврожайними, що дають продукцію високої якості, але і стійкими до несприятливих факторів середовища, високоадаптова-ними, високогомеостатичними. Тільки висока адаптивність сорту (обумовлена гомеостатичність його генотипу) може забезпечити стабільність врожаю в різних екологічних умовах. У статті представлені результати дослідження впливу попередників на урож… Show more

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

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Yield and quality of winter wheat grain under different cultivation technologies

Zaima,

Derhachov,

Siroshtan

et al. 2024

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Purpose. Study of the influence of preceding crops and sowing terms on the yield and quality of winter wheat grain. Methods. The study analyzed 11 varieties of soft winter wheat, ‘Podolianka’, ‘MIP Yuvileina’, ‘MIP Fortuna’, ‘MIP Roksolana’, ‘MIP Feieriia’, ‘MIP Vidznaka’, ‘MIP Nika’, ‘MIP Darunok’, ‘MIP Aelita’, ‘MIP Aurika’ and ‘MIP Dovira’. The study investigated the impact of preceding crops (soybean, sunflower, corn/MWR, green manure (white mustard), and mustard/seed) and sowing dates (25 September, 5 and 15 October) on grain yield and baking quality. Results. The research was conducted in 2021–2023 on the experimental fields of the V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat. The weather conditions were characterized by high temperatures and uneven precipitation. The highest winter wheat yields were obtained after green manure as a preceding crop (7.29 t/ha), and the lowest yields after sunflower (5.35 t/ha). Shifting the sowing date from 25 September to 15 October reduced the average yield of the varieties. The only exception to the results were those obtained after crops such as sunflower and mustard when sown on 5th October, which yielded 5.54 and 6.51 t/ha respectively. The highest yields (6.39–6.95 t/ha) were observed for the varieties ‘MIP Darunok’, ‘MIP Aurika’, ‘MIP Aelita’ and ‘MIP Vidznaka’. Higher protein, gluten and sedimentation values were observed after green manure and soya as a preceding crop; in addition, after soya there was a tendency to increase flour strength and bread volume. The aforementioned shift in sowing date also resulted in a decrease in bread volume and an increase in vitreousness; the remaining parameters were within the range of significant differences. The varieties ‘MIP Dovira’, ‘MIP Nika’ and ‘MIP Roksolana’ were characterized by the highest protein content in the grain. According to the complex of quality indicators, ‘MIP Yuvileina’, ‘MIP Roksolana’ and ‘MIP Aurika’ prevailed over others. Conclusions. It was found that green manure and soybean as a preceding crop, as well as optimal sowing dates – the third decade of September and the first of October – provided the maximum yield of the varieties studied. The varieties with the highest yields were ‘MIP Darunok’, ‘MIP Vidznaka’, ‘MIP Aurika’ and ‘MIP Aelita’. According to the complex of grain quality indicators, the varieties ‘MIP Yuvileina’, ‘MIP Roksolana’ and ‘MIP Aurika’ were distinguished.

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Yield and quality of winter wheat grain under different cultivation technologies

Zaima,

Derhachov,

Siroshtan

et al. 2024

PVSandP

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Resistance of winter wheat varieties to root rots causative agents against artificial infection

Hrytsiuk

2024

PSJ

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Goal. The study of the varieties of domestic and foreign selection of winter wheat for resistance to the main pathogens of root rot (Fusarium graminearum and Bipolaris sorokiniana) and the determination of their harmfulness. Methods. Laboratory method — for the isolation of pathogens in pure culture, for artificial infection with pathogens of root rot, for the determination of growth parameters of winter wheat; dispersive, statistical and regressive methods for the reliability of the obtained results. Results. The agressiveness and the virulence of the main causative agents of winter wheat root rot under artificial seed infection have been established. The assessment of the resistance of winter wheat varieties to Fusarium and Helminthosporium root rot was carried out, the development of the disease in relatively resistant varieties ranged from 0.1 to 0.9 points, the spread was 10.0—45.5%; the development of weak–resistant varieties was 1.0—1.2 points, prevalence of 40.9—50.0%; the developmen tof susceptible varieties was 1.7—2.23 points, spreading — 71.8—94.0%. The harmfulness of Fesarium graminearum and Bipolaris sorokiniana on seedling and root length was studied. In susceptible to Fusarium rot varieties of Novosmuglianka, Poliska 90, Lisova Pisnia, the seedling length was reduced by 5.7—6.9 cm, the root length was reduced by 2.51—3.21 cm compared to relatively resistant Samurai varieties. Conclusions. The most common types of root rot in Zhytomyr region are Fusarium and Helminthosporous root rot. No root rot resistant varieties of winter wheat were found among the research varieties, but relatively resistant and weak-resistant varieties were selected. For sowing on agricultural enterprises, relatively resistant to Fusarium graminearum and Bipolaris sorokiniana varieties of Samurai, Kraievyd, Podolianka, Scagen can be recommended. Weak-resistant to Fusariosis can be recommended Bohemia, Podarunok Podillia varieties and weak-resistant to helminth sporiasis can be recommended Poliska 90. In protection of winter wheat crops from harmful organisms, the correct selection of varieties plays a special role, therefore, when developing the integrated protection technology, special attention should be paid to the varieties that show resistance to certain diseases and types of pathogens.

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Вплив Попередників На Урожайність Та Якість Зерна Нових Сортів Пшениці Озимої Твердої

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Yield and quality of winter wheat grain under different cultivation technologies

Yield and quality of winter wheat grain under different cultivation technologies

Resistance of winter wheat varieties to root rots causative agents against artificial infection

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