Introduction. Cognitive impairments are important components of the clinical picture of many neuropsychiatric disorders, and are in dire need of evidence-based pharmacotherapeutic approaches.The objective was to test a model of delayed cognitive impairments due to neonatal administration of NMDA receptor antagonists (7th, 9 th, and 11 th days of life).Methods and materials. Male Wistar rats were administered with phencyclidine, 10 mg/kg (Experiment 1), or (+)MK-801, 1 mg/kg (Experiment 2); then «2-choice serial reaction time task», or «reinforcement learning task based on response patterning under interval schedules of reinforcement» in the same adult rats were performed.Results. Experiment 1: rats after neonatal NMDA-blockade performed operant tasks more accurately and made fewer missed attempts as compared to control. Experiment 2: switching to another schedule of reinforcement increased the pause after reinforced responses in both groups; in the experimental group, the duration of the post-reinforcement pause was shorter.Conclusion. Neonatal NMDA receptor blockade affects inhibitory control and attention to sensory stimuli, which manifests, respectively, as increased impulsivity and hyperfocusing in limited-choice conditions.