Сomparative characteristics of the families of Hereford cattle of the Аndrianov type

Abstract

Relevance. Competent and purposeful work with families and the correct selection of producers for them help to increase the productivity of cows and consolidate the desirable qualities of animals from generation to generation.Methods. The studies were carried out in the breeding reproducer of Andrianovsky LLC, Bogradsky district of the Republic of Khakassia, where 4 families were formed: Kvitki 9978, Inertia 9516, Zabava 0595 and Silma 0593. We studied the main indicators of the offspring of I, II, III and IV generations: live weight, milk production, conformation, age of the first mating, duration of the service period and intercalving period, reproductive capacity coefficient. Work with families is aimed at increasing and consolidating in the offspring the economically useful qualities inherent in the ancestors by selecting the best line sires for them, their daughters and granddaughters.Results. Families of cows were formed under the same conditions of feeding and keeping, however, significant differences were noted in the qualitative characteristics of the families. The descendants of Kvitka 9978 are characterized by the highest live weight (average for the family — 575 kg), the descendants of Inertia 9516 have higher milk yield (241 kg), in the same families the offspring have a higher score for conformation (84.0 and 83.6). We recommend using cows of these families to obtain the ancestors of related groups of the Andrianov type of the Hereford breed. The importance of the correct selection of bulls for cows of families is clearly demonstrated by the example of the bull Yasnoy 9069. When selecting this bull for cows of the Inertia 9516 family, the highest indicators of live weight of offspring (645 kg) were obtained, and with the Silma 0593 family — almost the minimum result (560 kg), which indicates the compatibility of individuals, as well as the lines and families as a whole. With the right selection, even in the Silma 0593 family, whose descendants in several generations show almost the lowest rates in live weight and conformation assessment, for example, with the Negus 73 bull, you can get a fairly good result in live weight (590 kg).