Характеристика Коронарного Судинного Русла, Структурно-Функціонального Стану Серця Та Ендотелійзалежної Вазодилатації У Хворих Молодого Віку З Гострим Коронарним Синдромом З Елевацією Сегмента ST

Abstract

The aim – to reveal features of the coronary vascular system, structural and functional state of the heart and endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (STEMI) patients of different age groups. Materials and methods. We analyzed the data of instrumental examination of patients who were admitted to the emergency departments from 2000 to 2015, with STEMI. Patients were distributed into two groups depending on age: 1 group – patients < 45 years, 2 group ≥ 45 years. Coronary angiography (CAG) was performed within the first hours after the admission. Endothelium-dependent, flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) test and echocardiography were performed within 24 hours of admission and again on the 7th day. Results and discussion. According to сoronary angiography, elder patients were more likely to have infarction-dependent coronary artery disease (33.3 vs. 20.3 %; p=0.037), and multi-vessel coronary artery disease (12.0 vs. 4.8 %; p=0.048). Patients in the 1st group demonstrated a lower frequency of hemodynamically significant lesions of coronary vessels (p<0.001) and less marked disorders of the lipid spectrum. Patients of the group 1 had less thickness of the interventricular septum. 10.7±1.5 mm versus 11.6±1.6 mm, p=0.024). Young patients had initially better diastolic function (Е/А) (1.29±0.40 versus 1.00±0.52, p=0.008). At day 7 in patients of the 1st group there was a more marked increase in the left ventricular ejection fraction and end-diastolic diastolic index of the left ventricle (7.6 versus 3.4 %; p<0.05) than in the patients of the 2nd group. Young patients demonstrated a tendency to increase of end-diastolic index > 10 %, in dynamics, at 39.7 versus 27.8 % elder patients (p=0.053), lower growth of the diameter of the brachial artery (4.7±4.1 vs. 6.7±5.1 %; p<0.05), but more rapid improvement of endothelial function in the dynamics of observation (104 vs. 23 %; p<0.05). Conclusions. The percentage of damage of coronary artery disease in STEMI young patients did not differ from elder patients but insignificant coronary artery stenosis is detected more often (р<0.001) and acute myocardial infarction in the right coronary artery is less common (р<0.037). Young patients with multi-vessel coronary disease have significant violations of the lipid blood spectrum (increased levels of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol). Indicators of intracardiac hemodynamic did not differ between age groups initially, however, the course of acute myocardial infarction in young patient was characterized by the tendency to develop early post-infarction dilatation (p=0.053). According to the FMD test young patients at the onset had a worse indicator of than elder patients (p<0.043), however the diameter of the brachial artery in the dynamics of observation, significantly increased (p<0.05).

Effects of Smoking on Circadian Arterial Blood Pressure Profile in Patients With Non-St-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome and Chronic Kidney Disease

“…Âîä-íî÷àñ ðèçèê ðîçâèòêó ÕÕÍ, ñïðè÷èíåíèé êó-ð³ííÿì, ìåíø î÷åâèäíèé, îñê³ëüêè íå ïðîâîäèëîñÿ âåëèêèõ ðàíäîì³çîâàíèõ êîíòðîëüîâàíèõ äîñë³äaeåíü, à ÿê³ñòü äîêàç³â íåäîñòàòíÿ. ³äíîñíî íåâåëèêà ê³ëüê³ñòü ñïîñòåðåae-íèõ äîñë³äaeåíü âèâ÷àëè ðèçèê ñìåðòíîñò³, ïðîãðåñóâàííÿ ÕÕÍ òà ñóäèííèõ ïîä³é, ïîâ'ÿçàíèõ ç òþòþíîïàë³ííÿì, ñåðåä ïàö³ºíò³â ³ç ÕÕÍ, îñîáëèâî ó òèõ, â ÿêèõ ðîçâèíóâñÿ ÃÊÑ [13,7].…”

“…At the same time, the risk of developing CKD due to smoking is less obvious since there are no large randomized controlled trials, and the quality of evidence is limited. Relatively few observational studies have examined the risk of mortality, CKD progression, and smoking-related vascular events in patients with CKD, especially those who develop ACS [13,7].…”