Хронічний Нейробореліоз Із Синдромом Церебральної Псевдопухлини (Клінічне Спостереження, Обговорення)

Abstract

The article describes a clinical case of chronic neuroborreliosis in form of cerebral pseudotumor syndrome in a 30-year-old patient. The patient complained of dizziness, double vision, decreased visual acuity in both eyes, a feeling of “fog before the eyes”, constant headache (7–8 points on a visual analog scale), sleep disturbances. During last summer (5–6 months before disease onset), there were repeated tick bites with skin redness, the patient did not seek medical help. The disease started 1.5 months ago in form of a headache; one month ago vision began to decrease and diplopia appeared. In the neurological status: left abductor nerve palsy. Brain MRI: empty sella turcica, flattening of the posterior scleras, optic nerves tortuosity. Ophthalmologist: visual acuity of the right eye — 0.3, left eye — 0.8, optic disc swelling of both eyes. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis: the pressure of 300 mm Hg (lumbar puncture in supine position), proteins — 0.198 g/l, cytosis — 5 in 1 ml (lymphocytes), anti-borreliosis IgG — 38.15 U/ml, IgM — 5.61 U/ml. Immediately after the lumbar puncture, the patient noted a significant reduction in headache and diplopia. Cerebrospinal fluid-serum index for anti-borreliosis IgG — 1.2. Diagnosis: chronic neuroborreliosis with cerebral pseudotumor syndrome, left abductor nerve palsy, and visual impairments. Treatment: ceftriaxone, rheosorbilact, citicoline, acetazolamide, melatonin, phenibut. The patient refused repeated lumbar punctures. During hospital treatment, the patient’s condition improved: headaches decreased (to 3–4 points on the visual analog scale), diplopia disappeared, left eyeball movements fully restored, optic disc swelling diminished. Three months later, the patient by phone reported no complaints except for vision impairments. Thus, in patients with cerebral pseudotumor syndrome, among the potential etiological factors Lyme disease should be also excluded.