Indonesian exports reached US$ 168.8 billion in 2017, an increase of 16.8% compared to the previous year (UN Comtrade 2018). One of the largest contributors to these exports is palm oil, amounting to 13.6% in 2017. Indonesian palm oil exports in 2017 reached US$ 22.97 billion, an increase of 26% compared to the value in 2016 (UN Comtrade 2018). In 2017, Indonesia exported approximately 29 million tons of palm oil, with the largest destination countries including India, with a market share of 25.37%; followed by the European Union, with 14.35%; and China, with 12.39% (UN Comtrade 2018). Different from India and China, which directly consumed its palm oil, European market besides consumed directly it also serve as a trade hub for other countries in the region (Rifin 2013). For a long time, countries of the European Union, particularly the Netherlands, have been the major market destination for Indonesian palm oil as well as being countries that connect Indonesia and other European countries. However, there have been many instances in the last several years where oil imports, mainly from Indonesia, have been hindered from entering European countries. Several issues, including health, environment, and animal protection, have been considered to hamper the entrance of Indonesian palm oil to Europe. This is confirmed by the Report on Palm Oil and Deforestation on Rainforests, which stated that palm oil is a very large problem related to the issue of corruption, child labor, violation of human rights, omission of the rights of indigenous people, and a trigger to deforestation and habitat

Owing to the lack of research in emerging Asian nations, this research aimed to unearth the determinants of blockchain acceptance for supply chain financing by a Bangladeshi financing company called IPDC. Centred on a technology acceptance framework called UTAUT (unified theory of acceptance and use of technology) and open innovation research, an expanded model with a mediating variable is developed for this study. This research work employs the deductive inference method in conjunction with the positivism paradigm. A structural questionnaire was used to gather data, which were then processed through Smart-PLS (partial least square) for SEM (structural equation modeling). The survey includes all the people who are directly or indirectly involved in the supply chain financing platform of IPDC. The study consists of seven direct hypotheses and one mediating hypothesis. The results show that all the direct hypotheses except the impact of social influence on the behavioural intention to use (BINTU) blockchain are significant. The mediating hypothesis indicating the role of BINTU in the relationship between facilitating conditions (FCON) and the actual use of blockchain is also supported. FCON and BINTU together explain 88.7% variation in blockchain use behaviour for supply chain financing. The research advances past findings by employing an expanded UTAUT framework and validating observations with the other relevant studies throughout the world.

Learning geometry is one that students fear. They have difficulty understanding the concepts of geometry. Students experience problems with Lobachevsky’s axiom alignment, as well as Riemann’s axiom alignment. Therefore, we need learning that makes it easy for students to imagine these axioms more concrete, although geometry cannot always be carried in a concrete world. The purpose of this study is to describe students’ cognitive processes in understanding the properties of triangles in Riemann Geometry through local content. This is a part of development research. We conducted a needs analysis of the ability of students to understand new concepts in geometry. The subject of this research was chosen from students of mathematics education at one of the tertiary institutions in Bengkulu City, Indonesia. Subjects were interviewed in-depth through task-based interviews. His job is to solve the problem of the properties of triangles in Riemann Geometry. Interview data were analyzed through genetic decomposition analysis. The results of this study were subjects able to analyze the interrelationship between concepts, axioms, and basic properties of geometry through orange peel media. He can attribute and organize. The attributes are obtained from three segments that meet at the ends. Subjects can organize the elements of the triangle so that the nature of a large number of angles in the triangle is more than 180. The conclusions of this study are the subjects can achieve the cognitive process of analysis, and can arrange the correct population.

Indonesia Open University (UT: Universitas Terbuka) is a large, open university delivering distance education to students throughout Indonesia. An important aspect of its mission is to provide opportunities for Indonesian teachers to improve their education in-service. This includes two courses on classroom action research. In order to assess the effectiveness of these courses and, if necessary, improve them, a team of lecturers from UT conducted an investigation of the challenges teachers were facing in learning to conduct classroom action research through the UT modules. The team found that the modules did not adequately reflect an understanding of the actual characteristics of the teachers they were serving and were thus less effective than they might be in teaching teachers to conduct classroom action research. Changes in both the content and scheduling of the modules are recommended in order to more effectively promote classroom action research in Indonesian schools. AbstrakUniversitas Terbuka atau UT merupakan universitas besar yang menyelenggarakan pendidikan jarak jauh untuk mahasiswa di berbagai penjuru Indonesia. Aspek terpenting dari misi UT adalah menyediakan kesempatan kepada para guru Indonesia untuk meningkatkan kualitas pengabdian mereka di dunia pendidikan. Materi yang ditawarkan UT termasuk dua mata kuliah tentang penelitian tindakan kelas. Dalam rangka mengevaluasi efektifitas kelas ini, dan memperbaikinya jika perlu, tim dosen dari UT meneliti kendala yang dihadapi para guru dalam belajar melakukan penelitian tindakan kelas melalui modul UT. Tim menyimpulkan, modul kelas ini tidak merefleksikan pemahaman yang cukup tentang karakterisktik riil para guru yang diajar, dan karena itu, kurang efektif untuk dijadikan acuan mengajar penelitian tindakan kelas. Tim menyarankan beberapa perubahan pada isi dan penjadwalan modul, guna lebih mengefektifkan kampanye penelitian tindakan kelas di sekolah-sekolah di Indonesia.

AbstrakSerat pangan telah banyak digunakan sebagai pangan fungsional dan direkomendasikan untuk menurunkan kadar lipid darah untuk mencegah hiperkolesterolemia. Bekatul merupakan bahan pangan yang mengandung serat cukup tinggi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mempelajari pengaruh penambahan bekatul pada parameter lipid darah mencit jantan hiperkolesterolemia. Penelitian dilakukan di kandang hewan Jurusan Pendidikan Biologi Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia dan Laboratorium Fisiologi Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Institut Pertanian Bogor periode Agustus 2011-Maret 2012. Desain penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan lima kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kontrol negatif mencit normokolesterolemia yang diberi pakan standar tanpa suplementasi bekatul dan kontrol positif mencit hiperkolesterolemia tanpa suplementasi bekatul, selanjutnya kelompok mencit hiperkolesterolemia diberi suplementasi bekatul 16%, 38%, dan 57%. Parameter yang diukur ialah bobot badan, konsentrasi kolesterol total serum, hati, dan feses, kadar trigliserida, high density lipoprotein (HDL-c), low density lipoprotein (LDL-c), dan glukosa darah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi bekatul dalam diet menurunkan bobot badan, konsentrasi kolesterol serum total dan hati, trigliserida dan LDL-c, serta menaikkan konsentrasi HDL-c dan kolesterol feses, tanpa mengubah konsentrasi glukosa darah. Suplementasi bekatul sebesar 57% menurunkan bobot badan sebesar 10,31%, kadar total kolesterol 17,28%, trigliserida 28,63%, dan LDL-c 79,35%, serta meningkatkan HDL-c sebesar 24,41%. Suplementasi bekatul menurunkan kolesterol hati 57,76% dan meningkatkan pembuangan kolesterol melalui feses sebesar 39,86%. Simpulan, bekatul sebagai suplemen makanan memperbaiki parameter lipida darah mencit jantan hiperkolesterolemia dengan meningkatkan pembuangan kolesterol melalui feses dan menurunkan bobot badan tanpa mengubah kadar glukosa darah. [MKB. 2013;45(1):1-9] Kata kunci: Bekatul, hiperkolesterolemia, lipid darah, mencit, serat pangan Improvement of Blood Lipid Parameters of Hypercholesterolemic Mice by Supplementation of Rice Bran AbstractDietary fiber is widely used as a functional food and recommended to reduce blood lipid level to prevent hypercholesterolemia. An experiment was conducted on the effects of rice bran that has high dietary fiber content on blood lipid parameters of hypercholesterolemic male mice, which was conducted at the Biology Education Department animal cages, Indonesia University of Education and the Veterinary Medicine Faculty Laboratory, Bogor Agricultural Institute from August 2011 to March 2012. The mice were randomly assigned into groups with 5 different treatments: negative control group i.e. normocholesterol mice with a standard diet without rice bran; positive control group i.e. hypercholesterolemic mice with a standard diet without rice bran; and groups with hypercholesterolemic mice with 16%, 38%, and 75% rice bran supplements. The parameters were body weight as well as blood serum, liver and feces cholesterol, triglyceride, high den...