No abstract

, IBM announced the start of a five-year effort to build a massively parallel computer, to be applied to the study of biomolecular phenomena such as protein folding. The project has two main goals: to advance our understanding of the mechanisms behind protein folding via large-scale simulation, and to explore novel ideas in massively parallel machine architecture and software. This project should enable biomolecular simulations that are orders of magnitude larger than current technology permits. Major areas of investigation include: how to most effectively utilize this novel platform to meet our scientific goals, how to make such massively parallel machines more usable, and how to achieve performance targets, with reasonable cost, through novel machine architectures. This paper provides an overview of the Blue Gene project at IBM Research. It includes some of the plans that have been made, the intended goals, and the anticipated challenges regarding the scientific work, the software application, and the hardware design.

No abstract

The use of Si,-, & , alloys for p-channel hightransconductance MOSFET's requires a high-quality dielectric system. Direct oxidation of Si,-,Ge, alloys or even lowtemperature deposition of SiO, directly on Si, -, & , results in a very high interface state density. We show that the use of a thin (6-8 om) Si cap layer grown epitaxially on the Si,-,Ge, layer with the subsequent plasmaenhanced chemical vapor deposition of silicon dioxide gives low (below 10" eV -' * em-,) interface state density. The Si cap layer leads to a sequential turn-on of the Si,-,&, channel and the Si cap channel, as clearly observed in the low-temperature CV curves. We show that this dualehannel structure can be designed to suppress the parasitic Si cap channel. The MOS capacitors are also used to extract valence-band offsets.

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