The present study was carried out in a private commercial broilers farm at Berket EL-Saab city, Menoufia governorate, Egypt, during the period from May to June 2019. The aim of this study was to investigate the impacts of adding two vegetable oils, linseed or sunflower, in broiler diets, on growth performance, some blood components, some carcass traits, immunity and economic efficiency. A total number of one hundred and eighty, one day old unsexed Arbor Acres broiler chicks were used in this study. Chicks were individually weighed, wing banded and randomly assigned to three treatments (T 1 , T 2 and T 3 ), 3 replicates pens of 20 birds each nearly similar in average body weight (42g). Two vegetable oils, linseed or sunflower, were added at the level of 3% in broiler diets. The experimental groups were as follows: T 1 : Control (basal diet without oil), T 2 : basal diet with 3% linseed oil and T 3 : basal diet with 3% sunflower oil. Results revealed that body weight, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio and performance index were significantly improved (P ≤ 0.05) with the addition of vegetable oils from 1 -35 days of age compared to the control birds. Birds fed linseed oil had higher values of white blood cells (WBCs), total cholesterol, triglyceride and high density lipo-protein (HDL), while low density lipo-protein (LDL) was the lowest value compared to the other groups. Linseed or sunflower oils addition significantly and liver %, while dressing percentage, heart and gizzard % were not affected. Immune organs proportion (spleen, thymus and bursa %) were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased when birds received linseed oil supplement compared to birds fed sunflower oil supplement or basal diet (control). Chicks fed linseed oil treatment recorded the highest relative economic efficiency (108.20 %), followed by chicks fed sunflower oil (103.28), considering the control group as 100%.It could be concluded that supplementation of 3% linseed oil to the broiler diets can be used with no adverse effects, and with improving body weight, feed conversion ratio, performance index and increasing the proportion of immune organs and relative economical efficiency.

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The experiment was designed to study the effect of dietary Nanoselenium on productive, immunological performance, oxidation resistance and selenium deposition in tissue of laying hens-A total number of 180 laying hens of Silver Montazah strain were used. Layers were divided randomly into six treatments. Five Nano-selenium diet concentrations (200, 160, 120, 80 and 40 mg/ton for treatments (T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6), respectively. The treatment (T1) was used as control with 200 mg/ton diet sodium selenite.The results were discussed and summarized as follows: 1. Application of Nano-selenium in layer diets was effective in increasing egg number, egg mass, total serum protein, and albumin. 2. Also, Nano-selenium improved some immunological traits, feed conversion, some egg quality traits and some antioxidant enzymes traits. 3. The optimum level of Nano-selenium was 200 mg/ton diet, which recorded 5.409 feed/g egg mass compared to 9.249 feed / g egg mass in control treatment (200 mg/ton diet) 4. Application of 200 mg/ton diets Nano-selenium were significantly decreased total cholesterol, high density Lipoprotein, triglycerides, heterophils (H%) and H/L ratio. Where, Lymphocyte was significantly (p≤ 0.01) increased. 5. The concentration of selenium in liver, breast meat and whole egg were 30.9%, 40.5% and 102.3% higher in layers fed 200 mg/ton diet Nano-selenium compared to layers fed 200mg/ton sodium selenite. 6. layers fed 200mg/ton diet Nano-selenium had 5.6 % and 5.4 % higher in dressing and edible meat, respectively.

This study was conducted at the French Group Company at Al-Sadat City in Menoufia Governorate. The hundred forty-eight fertile eggs were collected from 200 females of Pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) at the age of (26 weeks of production), which mated by artificial insemination with 30 male of Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata) to produce Molar ducks. Eggs were divided into four equal treatments (each of 96 eggs) and subjected to different storage periods (0, 4, 8 and 12 days) to determine the effects of different storage periods on egg weight loss, hatchability, hatch window, duckling quality, duckling immunity, and its body weight were measured for the different treatments. The results revealed that there were insignificantly differences (p ≤ 0.05) in egg weight loss by the different preincubation egg storage period. Storage eggs for 0 days had the highest hatchability percentage (92.2 %) compared to other experimental groups. Data demonstrated that storage eggs for 12 days achieved the largest hatch window (17:30 hours) when compared with 0, 4 and 8 days of storage. The relationship between storage period and duckling quality revealed that storage eggs for 0 days achieved the highest quality compared to the other groups. Immunity also, was affected by storage period (0 days was the highest immunity) compared with the other groups. The effect of storage period on duckling body weight at age of one day was also studied. Data indicated that third group (storage periods 8 days) achieved significantly (P ≤ 0.01) highest body weight (76 g). It could be concluded that storage of fertile duck eggs should not exceed 8 days to avoid excessive loss of egg water that impair the albumen contents which needed by the developing embryo for growth during incubation. The storage also, affected the transfer of maternal immunity to the embryos and the hatched ducklings.

The experiment was designed to study the effect of dietary Nanoselenium on productive performance, egg quality and immunological traits in laying hens. A total number of 180 laying hens of Silver Montazah strain were used. Layers were divided randomly into six treatments. Five nano-selenium treatment diets with concentrations (200,160,120,80 and 40 mg/ ton for treatments (T2,T3,T4,T5 and T6), respectively. The treatment (T1) was used as control with 200 mg/ ton diet sodium selenite. The results showed that application of nano-selenium in layer diets was effective in increasing egg number and egg mass. Also, nano-selenium improved some immunological traits, feed conversion and some egg quality traits. The optimum level of nano-selenium was 200 mg/ ton diet, which recorded 5.40 g feed/ g egg mass compared to 9.24 g feed/ g egg mass in control treatment (200 mg/ ton diet). Applications of 200 mg/ ton diets nano-selenium were significantly decreased, heterophils (H%) and H/ A ratio. Where, Lymphocyte was significantly (p ≤ 0.01) increased. Also, there were positive relationship between shell thickness, shell weight (%) and white blood cells counts with increasing the levels of Nano-selenium in layer diets from 40 to 200 mg/ ton as compared to control.