In this study, one hundred and eighty (180), 28 weeks old Gimmizah laying hens were used to study the effects of adding a probiotic (dry yeast or Aspergillus awamori) as natural antioxidant agents to diets containing oxidized palm oil on the productive performance, egg quality traits, some blood components, economic efficiency and relative economic efficiency of Gimmizah laying hens. Hens were distributed at random into 6 similar treatment groups. Each treatment group was divided into 3 replicates of 10 layers each in a completely randomized design. Layers were housed in individual cages. The first group was fed a basal diet contains 16.41% crude protein, 2748 ME kcal/ kg diet (positive control). The second group was fed basal diet contained 2% oxidized dietary palm oil supplementation (negative control). Other groups three and four were fed negative control supplemented with 0.5% and 1% dry yeast (Saccharomyces cervices), respectively. While, five and six groups were fed the negative control with 0.5% and 1% Aspergillus awamori, respectively. Results obtained; the addition of 1% Aspergillus awamori to the negative control group containing 2% of the oxidized palm oil improved: Hen-day egg production percentage, egg weight, egg number and egg mass. Feed conversion ratio was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) improved by adding 0.5% or 1% of both dry yeast and Aspergillus awamori to the negative control diet. A significant increase in the amount of feed intake was observed compared to the negative or positive control. The 6 th birds which feeding of the negative control diet + 1%Aspergillus awamori significantly recorded the highest improvement in egg shell quality (weight, percentage and thickness) also the highest value of egg shape index at the age of 40 weeks. Some of the qualities of albumen, yolk and Haugh units were also improved. The addition of 1% Aspergillus awamori to the negative control diets (the basal diet + 2% oxidized palm oil) resulted in a significant improvement in some traits of blood plasma (total protein, albumin, globulin and AST enzyme in comparison with the positive and the negative control diets. A significant decrease was observed in the level of total cholesterol and triglyceride concentration as well as LDL, while HDL was significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05) in the blood plasma by increasing the levels of probiotics (dry yeast or Aspergillus awamori) added to negative control. The best economic efficiency and relative economic efficiency for the sixth treatments were observed at the level of 1% Aspergillus awamori compared to other treatments. Conclusion:The obtained results in the present study encouraging and indicated that adding 1% of probiotics (dry yeast or Aspergillus awamori) as antioxidant agents to the basal diet containing 2% of oxidized palm oil led to a significant improvement in productive performance, egg quality traits, some blood traits, economic efficiency and relative economic efficiency of Gimmizah laying hens under experimental conditions.

One hundred and eighty (180), 28 weeks old Gimmizah laying hens were used in the experiment. Hens were distributed at random into 6 treatment groups and divided into 3 replicates of 10 layers each in a completely randomized design. The experiment was performed at a private farm in, Tanta, Gharbia a Governorate, Egypt. The objective of this investigation was to study the effect of some feed additives as oxidized palm oil and different levels of probiotic supplementation on the performance of Gimmizah laying hens, Egg quality traits, some blood parameters, blood lipid profile and economic efficiency under our local environmental conditions. hens was fed dietary treatments as: T1, basal diet (positive control, without supplementation), T2 (negative control, 2% oxidized palm oil) and other diets (T3 at T6) were supplemented with two types of probiotics as 0.5% and 1% of saccharomyces cervices and Aspergillus awamori. Results showed that; Hen-day egg production percentage, egg weight, egg number and egg mass were improved by probiotics supplementation at the level of 1% Aspergillus awamori with 2% oxidized palm oil. Also, Feed conversion was significantly (P ≤0.05) improved, while feed intake increased for groups received probiotics with oxidized palm oil at all levels used compared to negative control. While, pronounced effects on egg sell (weight, percentage and thickness) were significantly noted. Albumen and yolk qualities and Hough units were improved by adding received probiotics of yeast and Aspergillus awamori with 2% oxidized palm oil at the level 1% laying hen diets. Plasma total lipid and cholesterol were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased by adding dietary yeast and Aspergillus with oxidized palm oil to laying diets. Oxidized palm oil and probiotic supplementation to basal layer diet increased economic efficiency and relative economic efficiency; best values were obtained with 1% Aspergillus awamori with 2% oxidized palm oil. In general, based on obtained experimental results reported herein, from the nutritional and economical point of view, it may be concluded that there are some beneficial effects of oxidized palm oil and probiotics as yeast and Aspergillus awamori supplementation, especially at the level of 1% of Gimmizah hens under the experimental condition.

The present study was carried out in a private commercial broilers farm at Berket EL-Saab city, Menoufia governorate, Egypt, during the period from May to June 2019. The aim of this study was to investigate the impacts of adding two vegetable oils, linseed or sunflower, in broiler diets, on growth performance, some blood components, some carcass traits, immunity and economic efficiency. A total number of one hundred and eighty, one day old unsexed Arbor Acres broiler chicks were used in this study. Chicks were individually weighed, wing banded and randomly assigned to three treatments (T 1 , T 2 and T 3 ), 3 replicates pens of 20 birds each nearly similar in average body weight (42g). Two vegetable oils, linseed or sunflower, were added at the level of 3% in broiler diets. The experimental groups were as follows: T 1 : Control (basal diet without oil), T 2 : basal diet with 3% linseed oil and T 3 : basal diet with 3% sunflower oil. Results revealed that body weight, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio and performance index were significantly improved (P ≤ 0.05) with the addition of vegetable oils from 1 -35 days of age compared to the control birds. Birds fed linseed oil had higher values of white blood cells (WBCs), total cholesterol, triglyceride and high density lipo-protein (HDL), while low density lipo-protein (LDL) was the lowest value compared to the other groups. Linseed or sunflower oils addition significantly and liver %, while dressing percentage, heart and gizzard % were not affected. Immune organs proportion (spleen, thymus and bursa %) were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased when birds received linseed oil supplement compared to birds fed sunflower oil supplement or basal diet (control). Chicks fed linseed oil treatment recorded the highest relative economic efficiency (108.20 %), followed by chicks fed sunflower oil (103.28), considering the control group as 100%.It could be concluded that supplementation of 3% linseed oil to the broiler diets can be used with no adverse effects, and with improving body weight, feed conversion ratio, performance index and increasing the proportion of immune organs and relative economical efficiency.

The current study was conducted in private poultry farm (area of 120m 2 ), Shibin El-Kom, Menoufia Governorate. The experiment was extended from April to May 2014. The great object of this study was to determine the effect of feed forms on productive and economical efficiency of two broiler strains (Cobb 500 and Ross 308) at ages 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days. Chicks were individually weighted and randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups nearly similar in average body weight (40g). The birds of the first, second and third groups were feed on crumble, mash and pellets, respectively. Chicks housed on floor with sawdust. Feed and water were available ad libitun during the experimental period which lasted for 35 days.Body weights at different ages, growth rates, feed consumption (FC) (kg per bird/cycle), feed conversion ratio FCR, mortality and uniformity were studied. The main results were: 1. For Cobb 500 strain, mash feed had a higher body weight at marketing age (35 days). 2. Ross 308 strain, pellet feed had a higher body weight at marketing age (35 days). 3. Ross 308 strain fed on crumble, and Cobb 500 strain fed on mash had lowest mortality %. 4. The best economic efficiency was obtained with pellet feed form for both Cobb 500 and Ross 308.

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