Relevance. Depending on the researcher’s purpose, science can solve local and fundamental problems. Periodontists solve local problems conditioned by the patient complaints presented at a specific time. The fundamental problems of medicine, for example, the evolution/ reduction of organs and tissues, are considered, by the scientific community, a set of local problems formed under the influence of geographical, social and other factors. Progress in solving fundamental problems is insignificant, which is explained by the fallacy of the scientific knowledge formation within the framework of individual disciplines of physics, biology, etc. Materials and methods. The subject of the study is the dialectical unity of the biological fluid filtration direction and contamination of the deep periodontium by planktonic biota. The object of the study is hydrodynamic disturbances following a decrease in the consistency of proximal contacts as a cause of periodontitis. The study rested upon the logic of multidirectional evolutionarily determined changes in the conventional and proposed components of the periodontium.Results. The study presented the arguments evidencing the necessity to supplement the solid-state periodontal model proposed by N.N. Nesmeyanov (1905) with new components – biological fluid and biofilm.Conclusion. Based on the parallel fundamental processes of coevolutionary improvement of biofilm and reduction of skull bones, the study showed the unity of our views on the problem of the etiology of periodontitis with the views of V.N. Kopeikin.

Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет», Белгород, Россия

At the actual stage of becoming of Russian stomatology, the problem of sustainable development of rural stomatological care, as system of local formations of complex medical social nature belongs to national priorities and is considered as one of most important directions of public social policy. The stomatological health of rural population is to be considered as indicator of national stomatological health. This is confirmed by spatial structure: rural territories (inhabited territories outside cities) cover 2/3 of territory of the Russian Federation with population of 37.3 million or 1/4 of total population. The spatial structure of the Belgorod Oblast is reliably similar to the all-Russian one. The number of national and foreign studies proved that accessibility, quality and timeliness of insurance (state) stomatology is lower for rural residents that can be considered as one of signs of social inequality. Depending on the social economic status of region, signs of social inequality in the stomatology field are conditioned by broad spectrum of factors. Some of them are discussed in the article.

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Relevance. The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that the efforts of doctors seeking to minimize damage that occur against the background of infectious load and deformation of periodontal tissues do not lead to a decrease in the prevalence and intensity of periodontitis. At present, it is not known how the kinetics of microorganisms increases to the semen, allowing it to overcome the pressure of the gingival fluid that is filtered through periodontal fibers.Purpose. Since infection plays the main role in the occurrence and development of periodontitis, the aim of the work is to search for hydrodynamic mechanisms that complement the etiopathogenesis of periodontitis and explain the difficulties of its treatment.Materials and methods. The article discusses the existence of biota in film – static and plankton – dynamic forms. As a result of a review of literature data, it is proved that the transition of biota from one form to another is determined by a wide range of factors, the most relevant of which is the quality of the environment. Staying in a biota habitat optimal for life, it transforms into a planktonic form of existence, which allows it to colonize the deeper sections of the periodontium. Colonization of surfaces is possible by diffusion, i.e. leveling the concentration of microorganisms in available volumes of biological fluids. This aspect of the etiopathogenesis of periodontal diseases is called “hydrodynamic”. Separation of the hydrodynamic aspect allows us to consider the pressure gradient in the volume of the gingival sulcus as a factor determining the direction of filtration of biological fluids.Results. It was not possible to identify well known hydrodynamic mechanisms, that explain the possibility of microorganisms reaching the deep parts of the periodontium.Conclusion. The article presents arguments showing that biological laws linking the quality of the environment with the dynamics of increasing population numbers do not work in the area of the periodontal sulcus, or their action is blocked by laws of a different nature. Discussing the planktonic (dynamic) form of the existence of biota, based on the laws of hydrodynamics, taking into account the type of tooth movement, it becomes possible to substantiate the hydrodynamic mechanism of reaching the deep departments of periodontal biota, to clarify preventive and therapeutic measures aimed at reducing the incidence of periodontal diseases.